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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (36): 70-77.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080083

所属专题： 马铃薯

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古地区不同品种马铃薯适水种植研究

于婷婷,王凤新   

  1. (中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心,北京 100083）
  • 收稿日期:2015-08-15 修回日期:2015-10-21 接受日期:2015-09-25 出版日期:2015-12-30 发布日期:2015-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 王凤新
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“膜下滴灌下马铃薯田间土壤水、气协调调控机理与方法”(51579240)；水利部公益项目“低碳环保型滴灌关键技术及应用研究”(201401078)；水利部公益项目“灌区农业生产力多要素协同提升关键技术”(201501017)。

Planting of Different Potato Cultivars Adapted to Water Availability in Inner Mongolia

Yu Tingting, Wang Fengxin   

  1. (Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083)
  • Received:2015-08-15 Revised:2015-10-21 Accepted:2015-09-25 Online:2015-12-30 Published:2015-12-30

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摘要： 根据内蒙古地区46个气象站点1965—2014年逐日降水和平均气温资料，利用GIS软件进行空间插值做出了马铃薯发芽期、块茎形成期、块茎膨大期的旬平均温度和降雨量空间分布图，根据国内外对几种主要马铃薯品种耗水规律的研究，选择出内蒙古各地区适宜种植的马铃薯品种。结果表明：在降雨量为400~450 mm的内蒙古东北部部分地区，适宜种植菜用品种‘克新1号’、淀粉加工品种‘陇薯3号’和油炸薯条品种‘布尔班克’；在降雨量为300~400 mm的东部大部分地区，最适宜种植菜用型品种‘费乌瑞它’和‘克新1号’，其次适合油炸品种‘夏波蒂’、‘布尔班克’和‘大西洋’；而在降雨量为200~ 300 mm的中部地区，适宜‘费乌瑞它’、‘夏波蒂’、‘布尔班克’的种植，但不会达到最优产量；而在降雨量偏少的中西部地区，若存在灌溉条件，可通过覆膜等措施种植‘费乌瑞它’、‘夏波蒂’、‘布尔班克’；而在降雨量为100 mm以下的西部地区，由于块茎形成期的温度超过块茎生长的最适温度，该地区并不适宜马铃薯的种植。该研究结果可为内蒙古地区马铃薯种植提供参考意见。

关键词: 农村宅基地, 农村宅基地, 土地整理, 潜力, 中国

Abstract: Based on the daily precipitation and average temperature data of 46 weather stations in Inner Mongolia from 1965 to 2014, the average temperature of 10-days and the spatial distribution maps of germination period, tuber formative period and tuber expand period of potato were drew, the suitable potato cultivars were selected in different areas in Inner Mongolia according to the water consumption rule of some main potato cultivars. The results showed that the suitable vegetable cultivar was ‘Kexin No.1’, starch process cultivar was ‘Longshu No.3’ and fried potato cultivar was ‘Burbank’ in northeast Inner Mongolia with the precipitation of 400-500 mm. In most part of eastern Inner Mongolia with the precipitation of 300-400 mm, the suitable vegetable cultivars were ‘Favorita’ and ‘Kexin No.1’, fried potato cultivars were ‘Shepody’, ‘Burbank’ and ‘Atlantic’. ‘Favorita’, ‘Shepody’ and ‘Burbank’ were suitable in central Inner Mongolia with the precipitation of 200-300 mm. ‘Favorita’, ‘Shepody’ and ‘Burbank’ were suitable under irrigation and filming in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia with lower precipitation. Because of the deficient precipitation and high temperature, the western region of Inner Mongolia was unsuitable for potato planting. The research results could provide reference for potato planting in Inner Mongolia.

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