生物炭及其与化肥配施对灰潮土土壤理化性质、微生物数量和冬小麦产量的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15090084

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 27-32.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15090084

所属专题：小麦

生物炭及其与化肥配施对灰潮土土壤理化性质、微生物数量和冬小麦产量的影响

聂新星,李志国,张润花,汪霄,顾炽明,刘毅,张过师,陈防

中国科学院武汉植物园,中国科学院武汉植物园,武汉市蔬菜科学研究所,中国科学院武汉植物园,中国科学院武汉植物园,中国科学院武汉植物园,中国科学院武汉植物园,中国科学院武汉植物园

收稿日期:2015-09-21 修回日期:2016-02-18 接受日期:2015-11-24 出版日期:2016-03-29 发布日期:2016-03-29
通讯作者: 陈防
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金“生物炭对土壤钾素释放及生物有效性的调控机理研究”(41471242)，“生物炭对设施菜地土壤重金属有效性和蔬菜品质的影响机制”(31201618)，“生物炭施用对丹江口库区坡耕地水土与氮磷流失的影响机理研究”(41501313)。

Effects of Biochar and Its Combined Application with Chemical Fertilizers on Physical and Chemical Properties and Microbial Quantity of Fluvo-aquic Soil and Winter Wheat Yield

Received:2015-09-21 Revised:2016-02-18 Accepted:2015-11-24 Online:2016-03-29 Published:2016-03-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为弄清生物炭在灰潮土上的施用效果，促进生物炭的科学应用。采用田间试验，研究了空白对照(CK)、单施生物炭(B)、单施化肥(F)和生物炭与化肥配施(BF)4个处理对灰潮土土壤理化性质、微生物数量和冬小麦产量的影响。结果表明：单施生物炭与空白对照相比，以及生物炭化肥配施与单施化肥处理相比，施用生物炭均能显著提高土壤有机碳和速效钾含量，但对土壤容重、pH、碱解氮、速效磷的影响不显著；施用生物炭后土壤中的细菌和放线菌数量增加且在越冬期达到显著差异水平，但真菌数量表现出一定的降低趋势。与空白对照相比，单施生物炭秸秆和籽粒干重分别增加6.8%和4.2%；与单施化肥相比，生物炭与化肥配施秸秆和籽粒干重分别提高4.4%和16.5%。因此，生物炭能有效改善灰潮土土壤理化性质，提高细菌和放线菌数量，且在一定程度上促进冬小麦产量的提高。

关键词: 温度, 温度, 入渗, 土壤水分, 湿润峰, 累计入渗量

Abstract: In order to find out the application effects of biochar in fluvo-aquic soil and promote the scientific application of biochar, a field experiment with four treatments including control (CK), only biochar (B), only chemical fertilizers (F) and biochar with chemical fertilizers (BF) were conducted to assess the effects of biochar and its combined application with chemical fertilizers on the physical and chemical properties of fluvoaquic soil, microbial quantity of fluvo-aquic soil and winter wheat yield. Results showed that if the B treatment was compared with CK and BF treatment was compared with F treatment, both of the biochar application treatments significantly increased soil organic carbon and available K contents, but had no significant effect on soil pH, available P, bulk density and available N contents. The bacteria and actinomycetes quantity increased after biochar application and this increase was significant in the overwintering stage, while the fungi number showed a decreasing trend after biochar application. Compared to CK, B treatment improved the straw and grain dry weight by 6.8% and 4.2%, respectively. Compared to F treatment, BF treatment increased the straw and grain dry weight by 4.4% and 16.5%, respectively. Therefore, the application of biochar could ameliorate the physical and chemical properties of fluvo-aquic soil, increased the bacteria and actinomycetes quantity as well as the winter wheat yield to a degree.

中图分类号:

S156.2

聂新星,李志国,张润花,汪霄,顾炽明,刘毅,张过师,陈防. 生物炭及其与化肥配施对灰潮土土壤理化性质、微生物数量和冬小麦产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2016, 32(9): 27-32.

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生物炭及其与化肥配施对灰潮土土壤理化性质、微生物数量和冬小麦产量的影响

Effects of Biochar and Its Combined Application with Chemical Fertilizers on Physical and Chemical Properties and Microbial Quantity of Fluvo-aquic Soil and Winter Wheat Yield

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