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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (21): 18-22.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15120175

所属专题： 生物技术； 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

电子辐照对水稻农艺性状及生理生化指标的影响

斯琴图雅,张郑伟,王强,梁宏斌,路运才   

  1. 黑龙江大学农业资源与环境学院629室,黑龙江大学农业资源与环境学院629室,黑龙江省科学院技术物理研究所,黑龙江省科学院技术物理研究所,黑龙江大学农业资源与环境学院629室
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-31 修回日期:2016-06-28 接受日期:2016-02-25 出版日期:2016-07-15 发布日期:2016-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 路运才
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金项目“利用突变体研究硅提高水稻耐冷性的生理及分子机制”(C201128)；黑龙江省科学院春苗专项“低剂量电子辐射对水稻耐冷性生理的影响”。

Effects of Electron Irradiation on Agronomic Traits and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Rice

  • Received:2015-12-31 Revised:2016-06-28 Accepted:2016-02-25 Online:2016-07-15 Published:2016-07-15

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摘要： 探讨低剂量电子射线对水稻生长的影响，并解析其相关生理机制。用0~50 Gy范围内的5 个剂量辐照‘绥粳4号’水稻种子，以土壤和营养液2种方式培养幼苗，统计出苗率，并在分蘖期对相关农艺性状、部分生理指标进行检测分析。结果表明：较低剂量辐照(＜10 Gy)对水稻出苗率无明显不良影响，较高剂量（30 Gy和50 Gy）有明显的抑制作用。土壤培养时的半致死剂量约为50 Gy；6 Gy辐照对水稻株高和丙二醛含量具有促进作用；6~30 Gy辐照对土壤培养水稻幼苗的叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量具有促进作用。不同辐照剂量间差异呈极显著。2 种培养方式对相关生理指标的影响存在差异，营养液培养时植株生长良好，部分缓解了电子射线对水稻生长及相关生理性状的影响。

关键词: 茶废弃物, 茶废弃物, 综合利用, 茶渣

Abstract: The effects of low dose electron irradiation on rice growth and its related physiological mechanism were studied in this paper. Five doses (0-50 Gy) were used to irradiate the rice seeds, and the rice seedlings were cultivated in soil and nutrient solution respectively. The emergence rate and related agronomic traits and physiological indexes of rice were studied at tillering stage. The results showed that low dose irradiations (＜10 Gy) had no significantly negative effect on rice seedling emergence while high dose irradiations (30 Gy and 50 Gy) had obviously inhibitory effects. The half-lethal dose of electron irradiation in soil culture was about 50 Gy. 6 Gy irradiation had promoting effects on rice plant height and malondialdehyde content. Rice seedlings’chlorophyll, soluble sugar, and soluble protein content were increased under 6-30 Gy irradiation in soil culture. There were significant differences among different irradiation doses. The physiological indexes of rice cultivated in soil and nutrient solution were different, and the rice plants grew well in nutrient solution. We deduced that the radiation effects were alleviated to some extent when rice seedlings were cultivated in nutrient solution.