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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (29): 53-57.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030096

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不同种类速溶茶茶叶原料与茶渣主要成分及金属离子含量分析

王海斌,陈晓婷,丁力,邱丰艳,张清旭,蔡昭莹,孔祥海   

  1. 龙岩学院生命科学学院,龙岩学院生命科学学院,龙岩学院生命科学学院,龙岩学院生命科学学院,龙岩学院生命科学学院,龙岩学院生命科学学院,龙岩学院生命科学学院
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-13 修回日期:2016-04-14 接受日期:2016-04-25 出版日期:2016-10-12 发布日期:2016-10-12
  • 通讯作者: 王海斌
  • 基金资助:
    国家948 项目“适合于退化茶园生态恢复关键技术的引进与利用”(2014-Z36)；龙岩学院产学研项目“高香型速溶红茶茶粉加工工艺的研究 及其应用”(LC2015013)；龙岩学院人才引进项目“多年生茶树品质衰退的分子生理特性”(LB2015001)。

Contents of Main Components and Metal Ions in Tea Raw Materials and Tea Waste from Different Kinds of Instant Tea

  • Received:2016-03-13 Revised:2016-04-14 Accepted:2016-04-25 Online:2016-10-12 Published:2016-10-12

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摘要： 为实现茶渣的综合利用，分析了不同种类速溶茶茶叶原料与茶渣中的主要成分及金属离子含量。理化指标含量分析结果表明，与原料茶叶相比，不同种类速溶茶茶叶茶渣中的粗蛋白、纤维素含量分别提高了25.77%~38.56%、32.57%~58.54%，而粗脂肪、灰分含量分别下降了61.55%~70.79%、47.72%~56.72%。品质指标含量分析结果表明，与原料茶叶相比，不同种类速溶茶茶叶茶渣中的茶多酚、咖啡碱、茶氨酸含量的下降率分别在58.34%~67.93%、46.95%~61.05%、49.33%~58.09%范围内。金属离子含量分析结果表明，与原料茶叶相比，不同种类茶叶茶渣中的金属离子铅、铜、砷、镉含量有所下降，但二者之间差异不显著。可见，速溶茶制作后的茶渣中依然含有较多的有益成分，特别是粗蛋白和纤维素，同时也含有较多的金属离子，研究结果为后续茶渣的综合开发与利用提供了前期研究基础。

关键词: 小麦, 小麦, 铅, 铬, CAT, POD, SOD, MDA

Abstract: To realize the comprehensive utilization of tea waste, contents of the main components and metal ions in tea raw materials and tea waste from different kinds of instant tea were analyzed. The physicochemical indexes showed that the contents of crude protein and fiber in tea waste increased by 25.77%~38.56% and 32.57%~58.54% respectively compared with the raw materials of tea, but the contents of crude fat and total ash decreased by 61.55%~70.79% and 47.72%~56.72%, respectively. The quality indexes indicated that comparing with the tea raw materials, the contents of tea polyphenols, caffeine, and theanine decreased by 58.34%~67.93%, 46.95%~61.05% and 49.33%~58.09%, respectively. Furthermore, analysis of metal ion content showed that comparing with the tea raw materials, contents of Pb, Cu, As, and Cd decreased in tea waste, however, the differences were not significantly. In conclusion, tea waste still had a lot of beneficial ingredients, especially crude protein and fiber, but there were also heavy metal residues. The study provides a preliminary foundation for the comprehensive utilization of tea waste.

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