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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (25): 102-109.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16020058

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

香蕉枯萎病拮抗芽胞杆菌的防效评价及防病作用研究

王国芬,汪军,曹智淳,杨腊英,郭立佳,丁兆建,梁昌聪,刘磊,黄俊生   

  1. 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-02-19 修回日期:2016-08-04 接受日期:2016-03-25 出版日期:2016-08-29 发布日期:2016-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 黄俊生
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2015hzs1J005,2015hzs1J013);海南省产学研一体化专项资金“高效耐热淡紫拟青霉E7菌肥的研制与应用”(CXY20140036);海南省重点研发计划“高效防控根结线虫和枯萎病等土传病害的复合菌肥研发与推广应用”(ZDYF2016039)。

Control Effect of Bacillus Against Banana Fusarium Wilt

  • Received:2016-02-19 Revised:2016-08-04 Accepted:2016-03-25 Online:2016-08-29 Published:2016-08-29

摘要: 为有效评价生防菌对香蕉尖孢镰刀菌古巴转化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense,FOC4)B2的防病能力,通过对收集的生防菌资源进行抗性筛选,对筛选到的3株拮抗菌进行了抑菌观察、抗病谱测定、土壤抑菌能力监测及盆栽苗拮抗能力测定,并对测试菌进行了形态观察和16 r DNA测序鉴定。结果表明:249个测试菌中有109个菌株在对峙培养中表现拮抗能力,其中有三个菌株A5-6, D7-16和CL7的抑菌效果较为稳定。显微观察显示:三个拮抗菌会导致病原菌B2的菌丝发育畸形、膨胀、胞壁增厚、部分形成泡状、内容物外渗生长,以及抑制孢子的萌发等显著影响。抑菌谱测试表明,菌株对包括FOC以内的其它真菌性病害抑菌率在60%以上,但对尖孢镰刀菌其它专化型抑菌率较低,仅在40%-50%之间。土壤拮抗性能评价结果表明:拮抗菌单独对土壤中FOC数量的控制有限,只能降低一个数量级,但对盆栽苗中镰刀菌的数量控制能下降到2个数量级。盆栽实验表明,菌株A5-6以72.3%的防病效果较D7-16、CL7 45.4% 、50.0%的防效之间差异达到了极显著。三个菌株经形态学和16S rDNA序列鉴定表明D7-16为短短芽胞杆菌Brevibacillus brevis,A5-6和CL7也属于芽胞杆菌,三个菌株都是香蕉镰刀菌枯萎病潜在的良好生防资源,可作为生防菌做进一步的开发性研究。

关键词: 生物腐植酸, 生物腐植酸, 土壤性质, 油菜, 产量

Abstract: To effectively evaluate the effect of biocontrol bacterium against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, which causes banana fusarium wilt, 3 antagonistic strains A5-6, D7-16 and CL7 were selected from 249 testing isolates. The antibacterial ability of the 3 strains was observed, and resistant spectrum tests and acteriostatic ability monitoring in soil and potted seedlings were conducted. Then morphological characteristics of the 3 strains were observed and identification of the 3 strains was conducted using 16S rDNA sequence. Microscopic observation showed that the pathogen hyphae growth and spores germination were inhibited by A5-6, D7-16 and CL7. Resistance spectrum tests showed that the 3 strains had relatively high resistant rate to FOC4 (60%) and relatively low resistant rate to other specializations of Fusarium oxysporum (40%-50%). The population of FOC4 in the soil of potted seedlings was smaller than that in the soil without potted seedlings under the control of the 3 strains. Pot experiment showed that A5-6 had better disease control ability (72.3%) than that of D7-16 (45.4%) and CL7 (50.0%). The morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that the 3 strains were all Bacillus sp., and D7-16 was Brevibacillus brevis. All the 3 strains should be used as bio-control bacterium to control banana fusarium wilt and further developmental research should be conducted.

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