青海省海北州水分资源变化的初步研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了给农业生产提供精细化的预报服务产品。本研究基于1961—2015 年降水、河流径流量、最大冻土深度等资料，利用气候诊断方法，对海北州地区水分资源的变化特征进行初步研究。结果表明：1981—2010 年年降水量比1971—2000 年、1961—1990 年分别增加11.6 mm和13.3 mm。≥25.0 mm降水出现的站次1990s、2000s 均偏多。年平均降水变率（相对湿度）基本呈弱的增大（减小）趋势。年干燥度指数呈极其显著的减小趋势，1960s、1970s、1990s 相对偏大，1980s 和2000s 相对偏小。年平均最大冻土深度呈极显著的减小趋势。布哈河和沙柳河年平均流量总体呈微弱的增大趋势，青海湖年平均水位呈极其显著的下降趋势，青海湖年平均水位变差呈十分显著的增加趋势，年降水量和平均流量是影响年平均水位变差的最关键因素。

关键词: 蚕豆, 蚕豆, 产量, 有效分枝, 有效荚数, 实粒数, 百粒重

Abstract: The paper aims to provide refined weather forecast products for agricultural production. Based on the materials of rainfall(precipitation), the runoff of rivers, the maximum depth of frozen soil etc. from 1961-2015, the research is a preliminary one about the variable features of the water resources in the area of Haibei Prefecture. The research was conducted through the method of climate diagnosis, the findings of the research indicate that: the annual rainfall from 1981-2010 has increased by 11.6mm and 13.3mm comparing with the annual rainfall from 1971-2000 and 1961-1990. The rainfall great than or equal to 25.0mm has appeared in the 1990s and 2000s more than in other period of time. The average annual precipitation change rate (relative humidity) basically showed a trend of weak increase (decrease). The annual dryness index presented an extremely decreasing trend, it was relatively large in the 1960s, 1970s and 1990s and small in the 1980s and 2000s. The average annual maximum depth of frozen soil present an significant decreasing trend. In general, the mean annual discharge of Buha River and Shaliu River present a slim increasing trend, the mean water fall of Qinghai Lake has been decreasing significantly, while the mean annual water level variation has been increasing distinctly. Annual rainfall and the average annual flow are the most important factors which influence annual water level variation of Qinghai Lake.

时盛博,戴虎德,李万志,朱生翠. 青海省海北州水分资源变化的初步研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(35): 119-127.

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