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中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (30): 103-110.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16100078

所属专题: 生物技术 烟草种植与生产

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施肥措施对酸性植烟土壤酶活性及微生物的影响

武盼盼   

  1. 云南省昆明市盘龙区云南农业大学资源与环境学院
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-19 修回日期:2017-10-16 接受日期:2016-12-23 出版日期:2017-10-31 发布日期:2017-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 武盼盼
  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目“文山州植烟土壤保育关键技术研究和推广应用”(2014YN33),“文山烟区烤烟控病提质关键技 术研究与应用”(2016YN14)。

Effects of Different Fertilization on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Community in Acid Tobacco-planting Soil

  • Received:2016-10-19 Revised:2017-10-16 Accepted:2016-12-23 Online:2017-10-31 Published:2017-10-31

摘要: 通过田间试验,研究了烟农施肥(CK1)、钙镁磷肥(CK2)、熟石灰(SSH)、源天有机肥(YT)和腐熟农家肥(FS)对烟草土壤pH、酶活性、微生物数量和群落结构及其代谢的影响。结果表明:土壤pH的表现为FS>YT>SSH>CK2>CK1,不同施肥管理对土壤酶活性、烤烟根际土壤细菌、放线菌和微生物总量的影响总体表现为FS、YT处理最高,再次为SSH和CK2 处理,CK1 处理最低,真菌则变化相反且各个处理与对照有显著差异(P<0.05)。Biolog 微平板法测定结果表明,各个处理均比对照提高了土壤微生物的平均每孔颜色变化率,增加了物种多样性、丰富度和均匀度,改变了微生物对6 大类碳源的相对利用率,微生物对氨基酸类、羧酸类、糖类碳源的相对利用率提高同时却降低了微生物对聚合物类碳源的相对利用能力;主成分分析表明,对土壤微生物起分异作用的碳源种类主要是糖类、氨基酸类和羧酸类。综合来说与烟农施肥相比,4个处理均有较好的效果,FS、YT处理的效果最好。

关键词: 豌豆幼苗, 豌豆幼苗, 伤害, NO, 活性氧

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to compare the effects of five fertilizer managements(calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer,slaked lime, organic fertilizer,and matured compost) and a tobacco farmers traditional fertilizer control on soil pH、enzyme activities、microbial quantity and microbial community functional diversity in tobacco.The results showed that the soil Ph is characterized by FS > YT > SSH > CK2 > CK1, Soil enzyme activities ,the amounts of bacteria, actinomycetes and the total number of microbes in tobacco plants’rhizosphere also significantly changed.The effects of fertilization regimes on soil enzyme activity,the amounts of bacteria, actinomycetes and the total number of microbes in tobacco plants’rhizosphere generally followed the order: FS 、YT > SSH 、CK2 > CK1.The Biolog results suggested that each fertilizer treatment were higher than that of control the average well color development( AWCD) and increased the species diversity,richness and evenness. The relative ratios of six groups of carbon sources by microbes were changed to some extent after the application of different fertilizer. Compared with the traditional fertilizer control, other fertilizers application enhanced the capacity of microbes in using carbohydrates, amino acids , carboxylic acids and polyphenols. but decreased the utilization of polymers.The principal components analysis demonstrated that the differentiation of microbial community was mainly in utilization of carbohydrates, amino acids and carboxylic acids.In aggregate compared with tobacco farmers fertilizer, FS, YT treatment works best.