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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (35): 128-131.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17010030

所属专题： 油料作物

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

温度与叶面湿润期对大豆灰斑病侵染的影响

顾 鑫   

  1. 黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院/农业部佳木斯作物有害生物科学观测试验站
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-09 修回日期:2017-08-07 接受日期:2017-08-10 出版日期:2017-12-14 发布日期:2017-12-14
  • 通讯作者: 顾 鑫
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省杰出青年科学基金“利用SSR技术构建大豆种质抗灰斑病分子身份证”(JC2015005)；黑龙江省自然科学基金面上项目“利用SNP 技术对大豆抗灰斑病优异等位基因的筛选”(C2016051)。

Temperature and Leaf Humid Period: Effect on the Infection of Soybean Frogeye Leaf Spot

  • Received:2017-01-09 Revised:2017-08-07 Accepted:2017-08-10 Online:2017-12-14 Published:2017-12-14

摘要： 为了明确环境因子对大豆灰斑病侵染的影响。试验采用大豆品种‘垦丰14’在温室内进行，在第2 片三出复叶完全展开时进行孢子悬浮液的喷雾接种。试验设立5 个温度处理：15℃、20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃和6 个叶面湿润期处理：12 h、24 h、36 h、48 h、60 h、72 h。采取二因素完全随机有重复试验，4 次重复。结果表明：在叶面湿润期12 h 内，无论温度多少均无病斑出现；说明叶面湿润期12 h 不足以维持灰斑病菌的侵染，当在15℃的温度下，灰斑病的病斑只能在48 h 的叶面湿润期里测得到病斑直径及数量，说明灰斑病侵染大豆植株的最低温度是15℃，叶面湿润期最少需要48 h 才能够使灰斑病侵染。在温度20℃~35℃下，均需要最少24 h 的保湿期才能测得病斑直径和数量。在叶面持续湿度72 h 下，30℃对病斑的数量和直径影响最大，说明该条件是最适合灰斑病侵染的环境因子。

关键词: 杨梅, 杨梅, 魔芋粉, 海藻酸钠, 壳聚糖, 保鲜

Abstract: To clarify the effect of environmental factors on the infection of soybean frogeye leaf spot, the authors conducted an experiment in a greenhouse with cultivar ‘Kenfeng14’, and carried out the spray inoculation of spore suspension when the 2nd three leaves were fully expanded. The study consisted of 5 temperatures (15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃ and 35℃) and 6 treatments (12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, 60 h and 72 h). The experiment was completely randomized with 4 replications. The results showed that: there was no lesion during the leaf humid period of 12 h, indicating that 12 h of leaf humid was not enough to maintain the infection of soybean frogeye leaf spot; the diameter and the number of frogeye leaf spot could only be measured during 48 h leaf humid period at 15℃; the diameter and number of frogeye leaf spot could be measured during 24 h leaf humid period at 20℃-35℃; when the temperature was 30℃, the biggest effects on the diameter and number of frogeye leaf spot during 72 h leaf humid period could be observed, indicating that the condition was the most suitable environmental factor for the infection of frogeye leaf spot.