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中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (15): 110-116.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17020078

所属专题: 园艺

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

耕作模式对设施菜地根际土壤微生物群落和盐渍化的影响

靳慧霞1,陈寒玉2,陈纪算3,张科锋1   

  1. (1浙江大学宁波理工学院,浙江宁波315100;2河南工业大学化学化工学院,郑州 450001;3宁波海通时代农业有限公司,浙江慈溪 315300)
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-21 修回日期:2017-05-09 接受日期:2017-03-24 出版日期:2017-05-26 发布日期:2017-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 陈寒玉
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省宁波市农业攻关项目“设施栽培菜地次生盐渍化修复与控制关键技术研究”(2014C10014);浙江省宁波市科技富民项目“基于无线通信技术和优化模型的菜地智能灌溉系统”(2016C10057)。

Effect of Different Farming Modes on Greenhouse Soil Rhizosphere Microbial Community and Soil Secondary Salinization

Jin Huixia1, Chen Hanyu2, Chen Jisuan3, Zhang Kefeng1   

  1. (1Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo Zhejiang 315100; 2School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001; 3Ningbo Haitong Times Agriculture Co., Ltd. Cixi Zhejiang 315300)
  • Received:2017-02-21 Revised:2017-05-09 Accepted:2017-03-24 Online:2017-05-26 Published:2017-05-26

摘要: 为探究耕作模式对设施菜地盐渍化成因与土壤根际环境中微生物群落的分布和活性的影响,以宁波市某农业产业园区的大棚菜地和周边土壤作为取样点,选取封闭大棚地块、大棚与露天轮作地块,海边盐渍化的填海造田土,一般农业地块四种类型6个样品地上的5~15 cm浅层土,分析了不同耕种模式下根际土壤的物化性质、微生物的群落分布特性、土壤的呼吸度等特征。结果表明:不同的耕作模式下,土壤样品的有机质含量、盐分浓度、硝态氮的含量等有很大的不同。封闭空间耕作模式,有利于土壤有机质的增加,短期使用的大棚土中菌群总数和硝酸盐还原菌活度都比较高,长期使用有盐渍化现象的则活度明显降低;轮作和大田土中的硝酸盐还原菌的种类和数量明显多于大棚盐渍化土;尽管封闭体系的栽培模式有利于土壤微生物群落的增加,但土壤盐度的积累使微生物品种和能力退化,是形成土壤次生盐渍化的主要原因。在盐碱度比较大的土地环境下,封闭和露天轮作耕种设施菜地是改善根际土壤环境的良好模式。

关键词: 苦瓜, 苦瓜, 皂苷, 超声提取, 响应面法

Abstract: Through the comparative experiment,four sorts of soils included greenhouse soil, secondary salinization soil, farmland and salted soils in Cixi suburb were investigated in order to verify the affect of farming modes on microbial community distribution and activities and on the cause of soil secondary salinization.The soil sampled from the layer of the land in 5-15cm depth. And the parameters such as diversity of microbial community, the soil properties, soil respiration in different soil sample were analyzed. Results showed that the farming mode has important effect on organic material, salinity and nitrate content in soil. Facility cultivation mode may help increase the organic matter content and microbial populations in short period, but lead to the soil salinity accumulating in more years. The open-air and greenhouse cropping pattern can help to increase the quantity and the sort of microbes in soil. Although the closed cultivation mode is good for the increase of soil microbial community, but the accumulation of soil salinity in layer soil causes the degradation of microbial species and capacity, thus causes salinization of soil. Therefore, open and closed alternate farming mode is a good choice for improving the rhizosphere soil environment for different type and degree saline-alkali soil.

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