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中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (29): 109-115.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120086

所属专题: 农业气象

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候变暖背景下廊坊寒潮的变化与极端特征

郭立平, 杜海涛, 黄浩杰   

  1. 河北省廊坊市气象局
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-19 修回日期:2019-09-18 接受日期:2019-04-01 出版日期:2019-10-14 发布日期:2019-10-14
  • 通讯作者: 杜海涛
  • 基金资助:
    河北省廊坊市气象局2016 年项目“廊坊市灾害天气预报技术手册”(201601);河北省廊坊市气象局2017 年项目“主要物理量产品的对比检 验与订正技术”(201703);廊坊市科技局2018 年项目“雾、霾的地气耦合时间尺度分级模型”(2018013024)。

Changes and Extreme Characteristics of Cold Wave in Langfang Under Climate Warming

  • Received:2018-12-19 Revised:2019-09-18 Accepted:2019-04-01 Online:2019-10-14 Published:2019-10-14

摘要: 摘 要:为揭示寒潮天气的变化及其极端天气对农业的影响,应用1964—2017年寒潮、气温、降水、大风、扬沙、地温等气象资料,采用线性趋势分析、数理统计、天气气候分析等方法对廊坊市寒潮天气的变化与极端分布特征进行了深入分析。结果表明:(1)廊坊市寒潮天气主要出现在10—12月及1—4月,10月最多。随年代变化,寒潮日数总体呈明显下降的趋势,但3、10月寒潮日数没有明显减少;寒潮初终日期有提前现象,最晚结束日期提前相对明显;(2)寒潮以48 h最低气温标准下为最多、24 h平均气温标准为最少;强寒潮、特强寒潮总数随年代变化有明显减少趋势,但48 h平均气温及最低气温统计标准的强寒潮次数没有减少,降温强度没有减弱;(3)80%以上的寒潮过程伴高影响天气,寒潮天气有5种类型:干型(大风降温)、湿型(雨雪降温)、先湿后干(先雨雪后大风降温)、混合型(大风伴雨雪降温)及先干后湿型(先大风后雨雪降温),前两种占比69.1%。大风出现在寒潮日当天及前一天概率较高,平均比例达63%;降水出现在寒潮前两天及前一天概率较高,平均比例为45%;(4)90%的寒潮天气过程有地面霜冻。随年代变化,3月中下旬、10月中下旬寒潮日数呈弱增加趋势,由于年代分布不均,寒潮频发年代霜冻概率增加。[结论]上述寒潮的变化与极端分布,将可能对小麦返青以及生长初期和成熟收获期的农作物带来不利影响,需引起重视。 关键词:寒潮;变化;极端分布特征;不利影响

关键词: 苹果园, 苹果园, 地面覆盖, 土壤性状, 棉毛毡, 树体生长

Abstract: To reveal the influence of cold wave change and extreme weather on agriculture, the variation and extreme characteristics of cold wave weather in Langfang were analyzed by the linear trend analysis, mathematical statistics and synoptic climatology analysis using the data of cold wave, temperature, precipitation, gale, blowing sand and ground temperature from 1964 to 2017. The results indicated that: (1) The cold wave weather mainly occurred from October to December and from January to April, and was most frequent in October, with the change of years, the number of cold wave days decreased obviously, but it did not reduce obviously in March and October, the beginning and the last day of the cold wave were ahead of schedule, and the last day was obviously earlier; (2) The maximum cold wave days were under the minimum temperature standard in 48 h, while the least were those under the average temperature standard in 24 h, the number of strong cold wave and the extra strong cold wave days showed a decreasing trend with the time went on, but the statistics of strong cold wave days under the standard of 48 h average temperature and the lowest

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