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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (18): 87-92.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19030062

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄土坡面结皮对土壤水稳性团聚体的稳定性和可蚀性的影响

陈琳1, 王健2(), 宋鹏帅1, 赵宇2, 马玉红3   

  1. 1西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌 712100
    2西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌 712100
    3西安市水利水土保持工作总站,西安 710000
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-15 修回日期:2019-09-17 出版日期:2020-06-25 发布日期:2020-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 王健
  • 作者简介:陈琳,女,1996年出生,山东济南人,在读硕士,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。通信地址：712100 陕西省杨凌区西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,E-mail: ccchen_lin@163.com, 451319362@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“坡耕地微地形水力连通性及入渗机理研究”(41771308);“生态恢复背景下黄土丘陵区土壤抗冲性基本规律研究”(41561058)

Loess Slope Crust: Effects on the Stability and Erodibility of Soil Water-stable Aggregates

Chen Lin1, Wang Jian2(), Song Pengshuai1, Zhao Yu2, Ma Yuhong3   

  1. 1Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100
    2College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100
    3Xi’an Water Conservancy and Soil Conservation General Station, Xi’an 710000
  • Received:2019-03-15 Revised:2019-09-17 Online:2020-06-25 Published:2020-07-10
  • Contact: Wang Jian

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摘要：

为了探析微地形下土壤受雨滴打击后产生的结皮类型及团聚体组成差异。通过人工模拟降雨,研究坡面不同位置的结皮土壤水稳性团聚体分布特征、稳定性以及土壤可蚀性的变化情况。结果表明：（1）土壤水稳性团聚体以大团聚体（粒径>0.25 mm）含量为指标,原状土、结构结皮、沉积结皮、过渡带结皮>0.25 mm粒级的水稳性团聚体分别占37.28%、43.58%、36.69%、40.34%;（2）以降雨历时5 min为例,原状土、结构结皮、沉积结皮、过渡带结皮的水稳性团聚体的破坏率分别为：51.49%、46.00%、62.76%、51.02%;（3）原状土、结构结皮、沉积结皮、过渡带结皮的水稳性团聚体的平均重量直径分别为：0.15、0.20、0.14、0.17 mm;（4）原状土、结构结皮、沉积结皮、过渡带结皮土壤可蚀性K值的大小分别为：0.223、0.200、0.229、0.205。微地形下产生结皮差异使得水稳性团聚体分布有所区别,因此土壤水稳性团聚体稳定性和可蚀性存在差异。

关键词: 土壤团聚体, 土壤可蚀性, Yoder湿筛法, 结皮类型, 人工模拟降雨, 微地形

Abstract:

The paper aims to explore the crust types and the aggregates composition differences in micro-topographic soil attacked by raindrops. We studied the distribution characteristics, stability and soil erodibility of crust soil water-stable aggregates at different locations on slopes by simulated rainfall. The results showed that: (1) the water-stable aggregates of undisturbed soil, structural crust, sedimentary crust, transitional zone crust>0.25 mm were 37.28%, 43.58%, 36.69% and 40.34%, respectively; (2) taking the rainfall for 5 min as an example, the PAD of water-stable aggregates of undisturbed soil, structural crust, sedimentary crust and transitional zone crust were 51.49%, 46.00%, 62.76%, 51.02%, respectively; (3) the MWD of water-stable aggregates of undisturbed soil, structural crust, sedimentary crust and transitional zone crust were 0.15, 0.20, 0.14, 0.17 mm, respectively; (4) the erodibility K values of undisturbed soil, structural crust, sedimentary crust and transitional zone crust were 0.223, 0.200, 0.229, 0.205, respectively. The crust differences under micro-topography make the distribution of water-stable aggregates different, so the stability and erodibility of soil water-stable aggregates are different.

Key words: soil aggregates, soil erodibility, Yoder wet screening, crust types, simulated rainfall, micro-topography

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