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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (30): 40-48.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191000714

所属专题: 玉米 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

风沙半干旱区不同时期覆膜对玉米田固碳及碳平衡的影响

张哲1(), 司鹏飞1, 张旭3, 冯良山1, 董雯怡2, 刘恩科2, 冯晨1, 张燕卿2, 孙占祥1()   

  1. 1辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所/国家农业环境阜新观测实验站/辽宁省旱作农业节水工程技术中心,沈阳 110161
    2中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081
    3阜新市气象局,辽宁阜新 123000
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-12 修回日期:2019-11-12 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 孙占祥
  • 作者简介:张哲,男,1984年出生,辽宁开原人,副研究员,博士,主要从事旱作节水农业研究。通信地址:110161 辽宁省沈阳市沈河区东陵路84号 辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所,Tel:024-3102989,E-mail: chick409@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    辽宁省科学事业公益基金(20180044);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划项目(RC200282);农业基础性长期性科技工作国家农业环境数据中心观测监测任务(ZX03S0601);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300204);国家自然科学基金青年基金(41807388);辽宁省农业科学院学科建设计划项目(2019DD062010);辽宁省兴辽英才计划(XLYC1908013);辽宁省兴辽英才计划(XLYC1807056);农业农村部农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队

Film Mulching During Different Periods: Effects on Carbon Fixation and Carbon Balance of Maize Field in Aealian Semi-arid Region

Zhang Zhe1(), Si Pengfei1, Zhang Xu3, Feng Liangshan1, Dong Wenyi2, Liu Enke2, Feng Chen1, Zhang Yanqing2, Sun Zhanxiang1()   

  1. 1Tillage and Cultivation Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fuxin Observation and Experimental Station for National Agricultural Environment/Engineering Research Centre for Dryland and Water-Efficient Farming of Liaoning, Shenyang 110161
    2Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081
    3Fuxin Meteorological Bureau, Fuxin Liaoning 123000
  • Received:2019-10-12 Revised:2019-11-12 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-10-16
  • Contact: Sun Zhanxiang

摘要:

通过对比秋季覆膜(AM)、春季覆膜(SM)和不覆膜(NM)3种模式栽培玉米对短期土壤有机碳储量和碳平衡影响的异同,旨在明确风沙半干旱区覆膜的固碳减排效应,为构建低碳地膜覆盖模式提供理论依据。结果显示,AM显著增加玉米籽粒产量、地上生物量和0~60 cm土层根系生物量(P<0.05);在0~100 cm土层,AM、SM、NM和初始的有机碳储量分别为83.7、84.2、89.2、90.53 Mg/hm2,各处理相同土层间差异不显著(P>0.05);NM、SM和AM土壤呼吸CO2-C释放量平均值分别为2.10、2.09、2.37 Mg/(hm2·a),碳平衡分别为-522、-498、-474 kg CO2-C/(hm2·a)。以上表明,AM增加系统碳输入的同时,增加了土壤呼吸碳排放,但在短期内不会引起土壤有机碳库的衰退,并能更大程度上减少单位面积产量的碳排放,是一种气候友好型的低碳农业技术。

关键词: 秋覆膜, 玉米, 有机碳, 土壤呼吸, 碳平衡

Abstract:

The paper aims to determine the mulching effect of carbon fixation and emission reduction in aealian semi-arid region and to provide a theoretical basis for constructing a low-carbon mulching pattern by comparing the effects of cultivating maize under 3 patterns of autumn mulching (AM), spring mulching (SM) and no mulching (NM) on the differences of short-term soil organic carbon storage and carbon balance. The results showed that: AM significantly increased the grain yield, aboveground biomass of maize and the root biomass of maize in 0-60 cm soil depth (P<0.05); in the 0-100 cm soil layer, the soil organic carbon storage of NM, SM, AM and initial was 89.2, 84.2, 83.7 and 90.53 Mg/hm2, respectively, and there was no significant difference at the same soil layer (P>0.05); the average of soil respiration CO2-C release of NM, SM and AM was 2.10, 2.09, 2.37 Mg/(hm2·a), respectively, and their carbon balance was -522, -498, -474 kg CO2-C/(hm2·a), respectively. In conclusion, AM increases the carbon input of the system as well as the carbon emission of soil respiration, however, it will not cause the decline of soil organic carbon pool in the short term, and can reduce the carbon emission per unit area yield to a greater extent. So, AM is a climate-friendly low-carbon agricultural technology.

Key words: autumn film mulching, maize, organic carbon, soil respiration, carbon balance

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