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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (28): 13-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191100827

所属专题: 生物技术 玉米

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高密度对不同基因型夏玉米农艺特性、产量性状及耐密性的影响

洪德峰1(), 卫晓轶1, 马俊峰1, 马毅1, 魏锋1, 王稼苜1, 张同庆2, 程东祥3, 唐振海1, 郭全根1, 王清昌1, 彭东1   

  1. 1河南省新乡市农业科学院,河南新乡 453002
    2河南省温县农业农村局,河南温县 454850
    3河南省兰考县农业农村局,河南兰考 475300
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-14 修回日期:2020-02-24 出版日期:2020-10-05 发布日期:2020-09-23
  • 作者简介:洪德峰,男,1975年出生,河南永城人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事玉米育种及栽培技术研究。Tel:0373-3697099,E-mail:hdf7505@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-02-68)

Effects of High Density on Agronomic Traits, Yield Components and Tolerance of Different High Density Maize Genotypes

Hong Defeng1(), Wei Xiaoyi1, Ma Junfeng1, Ma Yi1, Wei Feng1, Wang Jiamu1, Zhang Tongqing2, Cheng Dongxiang3, Tang Zhenhai1, Guo Quangen1, Wang Qingchang1, Peng Dong1   

  1. 1Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang Henan 453002
    2Bureau of Agriculture and Rural of Wen County for Henan Province, Wenxian Henan 454850
    3Bureau of Agriculture and Rural of Lankao County for Henan Province, Lankao Henan 475300
  • Received:2019-11-14 Revised:2020-02-24 Online:2020-10-05 Published:2020-09-23

摘要:

为研究种植密度对不同夏玉米品种农艺性状、产量与耐密性的影响,在高密度(75000、90000株/hm2)条件下,对14个不同基因型夏玉米的农艺性状、产量构成因子以及耐密性系数等进行研究。结果表明,增密对14个不同基因型夏玉米品种生育期没有影响,株高、穗位高、茎粗、节间长度、茎粗系数、地上部干物质等农艺性状的差异达显著或极显著水平,穗位高系数、经济系数差异不显著,其中,株高平均增高1.23 cm,穗位高平均增高1.92 cm,第3节节间长度减小0.42 cm,‘NK718’、‘农大372’的地上部干物质质量增加,其余品种地上部干物质质量减小,减少幅度4.72%~23.99%,经济系数增加4.71%。75000 株/hm2条件下的产量、穗部性状与90000株/hm2密度条件相比,差异达极显著水平,在90000株/hm2密度条件下产量增加2.39%、穗粒数减少5.68%、百粒重降低1.17%。14个夏玉米品种相比,‘泽玉8911’、‘新单61’及‘豫单9953’耐密性系数值较大,适宜密植。

关键词: 高密度, 夏玉米, 农艺特性, 产量构成因子, 耐密性

Abstract:

To study the effects of planting density on the agronomic traits, yield and density tolerance of different summer maize varieties, agronomic traits, yield components and density tolerance coefficients of 14 different genotypes of summer maize were studied under high density (75000 plants/hm2 and 90000 plants/hm2). The results showed that increasing planting density of the 14 different genotypes of summer maize had no effect on the growth period, but the difference of plant height, ear height, stem diameter, internode length, stem diameter coefficient, aboveground dry matter and other agronomic traits reached significant or extremely significant level. There was no significant difference of the ear height coefficient and economic coefficient of the varieties. Among them, the average plant height increased by 1.23 cm, the average ear height increased by 1.92 cm, the length of the 3rd internode decreased by 0.42 cm. Except ‘NK718’and ‘Nongda 372’, the weight of aboveground dry matter of other varieties decreased by 4.72%-23.99%, and the economic coefficient increased by 4.71%. The yield and ear traits of 75000 plants/hm 2were significantly different from those of 90000 plants/hm2. Under the density of 90000 plants/hm2, the yield increased by 2.39%, the kernels per ear decreased by 5.68%, and the weight of 100-kernel decreased by 1.17%. In comparison, the variety of ‘Zeyu 8911’, ‘Xindan 61’ and ‘Yudan 9953’ have higher densification coefficient, which are suitable for high-density planting.

Key words: high density, summer maize, agronomic characters, yield component factors, tolerance of high density

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