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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (27): 33-40.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0036

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

一份多年生高粱属新材料的农艺性状及其饲用潜力评价

王红林1(), 左艳春1, 严旭1, 周晓康1, 寇晶1, 蒲军2, 张浩仁2, 杜周和1,2()   

  1. 1四川省农科院牧业研究中心,四川南充 637000
    2四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川南充 637000
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-24 修回日期:2020-05-29 出版日期:2020-09-25 发布日期:2020-09-23
  • 通讯作者: 杜周和
  • 作者简介:王红林,男,1989年出生,甘肃临洮人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向:饲草遗传育种及其高产栽培。通信地址:637000 四川南充顺庆区合众街97号 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所牧业中心,E-mail: honglwsaas@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    南充市研发资金项目“拟高粱突变新材料生产性能、营养品质测定及快繁技术研究”(18YFZJ0028);四川省财政创新能力提升工程项目“饲草种质资源创新、育种及高效利用技术研究”(2016TSCY-007)

Evaluation of Agronomic Characters and Feeding Potential of a New Perennial Sorghum

Wang Honglin1(), Zuo Yanchun1, Yan Xu1, Zhou Xiaokang1, Kou Jing1, Pu Jun2, Zhang Haoren2, Du Zhouhe1,2()   

  1. 1Animal Husbandry Research Center of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong Sichuan 637000
    2Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong Sichuan 637000
  • Received:2020-04-24 Revised:2020-05-29 Online:2020-09-25 Published:2020-09-23
  • Contact: Du Zhouhe

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摘要：

为明确高粱属新材料‘SX-1’的基本性能,对其饲用潜力进行初步评价,本研究以‘晋牧1号’高丹草(Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense cv. ‘Jinmu No. 1’)为对照进行连续2年品比试验,对其农艺性状、产量和营养成分等进行测定。新材料‘SX-1’表现为多年生且雄性不育,第1年抽雄期刈割时平均株高为311.33 cm,显著高于(P<0.05)‘晋牧1号’(263.00 cm),分蘖数为12.00~13.00个,第2年分蘖数极显著提高（可达40个以上）。建植第1年鲜草总产量为110822.43 kg/hm2,显著低于(P<0.05)‘晋牧1号’(125846.43 kg/hm2);但干草总产量(22300.71 kg/hm2)显著高于(P<0.05)‘晋牧1号’(19039.32 kg/hm2)。‘SX-1’建植第2年鲜、干草总产量为150373.33 kg/hm2和28866.77 kg/hm2,分别较‘晋牧1号’高10.53%和38.00%,同时较第1年增加了35.69%和29.44%。粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪含量年平均分别为9.98%、53.28%和2.20%,均与‘晋牧1号’(10.05%、53.93%、2.09%)差异不显著(P>0.05);酸性洗涤纤维年均为35.25%,显著低于(P<0.05)‘晋牧1号’(45.20%);粗灰分为8.59%,显著高于(P<0.05)‘晋牧1号’(7.57%)。相对饲用价值为107.27,高于‘晋牧1号’(92.61)。新材料‘SX-1’生物产量高、耐刈割、饲用品质优良,值得进一步开发利用。具有多年生高粱血缘的高粱属种间杂交种是选育饲草高粱的潜在方向。

关键词: 高粱, 产量, 营养品质, 密度, 饲用潜力

Abstract:

To understand the feeding potential of a new sorghum material ‘SX-1’, a variety comparison experiment was conducted for 2 years to evaluate the agronomic traits, yield and feed quality of ‘SX-1’ and an annual hybrid (Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense cv. ‘Jinmu No. 1’). The results showed that the new material ‘SX-1’ is perennial and male-sterile. In the first year of establishment, the plant height (311.33 cm) of ‘SX-1’ was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of ‘Jinmu No.1’ (263.00 cm), and its number of tillers was 12.00-13.00. The number of tillers in the second year of establishment increased significantly (up to 40). The fresh grass yield (110822.43 kg/hm2) of ‘SX-1’ in the first year of establishment was significantly lower (P<0.05) than that of ‘Jinmu No.1’ (125846.43 kg/hm2); but the hay yield (22300.71 kg/hm2) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of ‘Jinmu No. 1’ (19039.32 kg/hm2). In the second year of establishment, the fresh and hay yield of ‘SX-1’ was 150373.33 kg/hm2 and 28866.77 kg/hm2, respectively, which increased by 35.69% and 29.44% in comparison with the first year of planting, and 10.53% and 38.00% higher than the fresh and hay yield of ‘Jinmu No. 1’. Crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and ether extract content of ‘SX-1’ was 9.98 %, 53.28% and 2.20%, respectively, not significantly (P>0.05) different from those of ‘Jinmu No. 1’ (10.05%, 53.93% and 2.09%); acid detergent fiber (35.25%) was significantly lower than that of (P<0.05) ‘Jinmu No. 1’ (45.20%); crude ash (8.59%) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of ‘Jinmu No. 1’ (7.57%); the relative feeding value (107.27) was higher than that of ‘Jinmu No. 1’ (92.61). The new perennial sorghum material ‘SX-1’ has high biomass and feeding potential, and it is worth further development and utilization. The interspecific hybrid of Sorghum bicolor and perennial sorghum could be the breeding direction of forage sorghum.

Key words: sorghum, yield, nutritional quality, density, feeding potential

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