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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (26): 66-73.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0857

所属专题: 生物技术 玉米 烟草种植与生产

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

炭基土壤调理剂配施专用肥对玉米土壤微生物及酶活性的影响

武盼盼1(), 杨素芬1(), 刘书武2, 王幻想3, 张晓宁4, 谷利敏1, 刘蕊1   

  1. 1河南省化工研究所有限责任公司,郑州 450052
    2文山州烟草公司,云南文山 663000
    3河南省自然资源科学研究院,郑州 450000
    4中国农业大学曲周试验站,河北邯郸 057250
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-01 修回日期:2021-03-01 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 杨素芬
  • 作者简介:武盼盼,女,1989年出生,河南周口人,硕士,研究方向:植物营养与土壤微生物。通信地址:450052 河南郑州二七区建设东路37号 河南省化工研究所有限责任公司,E-mail: 1092756498@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科学院基本科研费“多功能土壤调理肥在玉米上减肥增效上技术研究”(210608047)

Effects of Mixed Application of Biochar-based Soil Conditioner and Specific Fertilizers on Maize Microorganism and Enzyme Activities in Soil

Wu Panpan1(), Yang Sufen1(), Liu Shuwu2, Wang Huanxiang3, Zhang Xiaoning4, Gu Limin1, Liu Rui1   

  1. 1Henan Chemical Industry Research Institute Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450052
    2Wenshan Branch Company of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Wenshan Yunnan 663000
    3Henan Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000
    4Quzhou Experimental Station of China Agricultural University, Handan Hebei 057250
  • Received:2021-01-01 Revised:2021-03-01 Online:2021-09-15 Published:2021-09-30
  • Contact: Yang Sufen

摘要:

通过大田试验,研究了炭基土壤调理剂与玉米专用肥(T1)、玉米生物专用肥(T2)配施后对玉米微生物数量、群落结构及土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:与对照农户施肥(CK)相比,炭基土壤调理剂配施2种专用肥均能够明显提高玉米根际细菌、放线菌数量,土壤真菌数量下降;土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶的活性得到不同程度的提高,过氧化物酶活性没有明显差异;土壤微生物的代谢活性与功能多样性均高于对照;通过PCA分析也表明,T1、T2处理和CK处理在主成分坐标系中差异十分明显,即玉米根际微生物群落功能多样性差异显著;T1、T2处理更有利于玉米的增产。总体而言,与农户施肥相比,炭基土壤调理剂配施2种专用肥处理均有较好的效果,以炭基土壤调理剂与生物专用肥配施的效果最好。

关键词: 炭基土壤调理剂, 玉米, BIOLOG, 酶活性, 根际微生物, 群落功能多样性

Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of biochar-based soil conditioner application combined with maize-specific fertilizer (T1) and maize biologic special fertilizer (T2) on microbial population, community structure and soil enzyme activities of maize. The results indicated that compared with the control, biochar-based soil conditioner application combined with two maize-specific fertilizers could significantly improve the amounts of bacteria and actinomycetes, but reduce the number of soil fungi. The soil sucrose, urease, acid phosphatase activities increased in different degrees, while the soil peroxidase activities were not significantly different. Metabolic activity and functional diversity of soil microbial community under applying biochar-based soil conditioner combined with two maize-specific fertilizers were higher than those of the control. The principal components analysis (PCA) also demonstrated that, the T1, T2 and CK treatments were significantly different in the principal component coordinate system, indicating that the functional diversity of maize rhizosphere microbial community was significantly different. T1 and T2 treatments were more conducive to maize yield. In general, compared with farmers’ fertilization, biochar-based soil conditioner application combined with two maize-specific fertilizers has better effect, and biologic special fertilizer for maize treatment has the best effect.

Key words: biochar-based soil conditioner, corn, BIOLOG, enzyme activity, rhizosphere microorganism, community functional diversity

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