NaCl溶液水培下黄腐酸钾对樱桃萝卜出芽及幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0278

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究樱桃萝卜出芽及幼苗阶段的耐盐性,以及黄腐酸钾是否具有改善其耐盐能力的效果。本试验采用水培方式,设置1.5、3.0、4.5、6.0 g/L共4个NaCl盐浓度处理,以0 g/L处理为对照,并设置添加0.2 g/L黄腐酸钾和不添加黄腐酸钾2种方式,调查樱桃萝卜的出芽率、存活率、形态指标和叶绿素含量等。结果表明：樱桃萝卜幼苗随着在盐溶液中培养时间的延长和培养液浓度的升高,存活率的降低速度和降幅均增大。樱桃萝卜出芽率在培养液达到3.0 g/L后出现小幅降低,死苗率随水培液盐浓度的增加而增加。随着水培液浓度的增加,樱桃萝卜的根长、下胚轴长、根冠比及根干物质量均受到不同程度的抑制。在相同水培液浓度下,与不添加黄腐酸钾处理相比,添加黄腐酸钾处理的出芽率依次增加了3.4%、3.4%、2.4%、2.4%、3.6%,并且出现死苗的时间有所推迟,但是1.5、3.0、4.5 g/L处理的死苗率分别增加了188.9%、21.2%和8.1%。在对照处理中,添加黄腐酸钾显著(P<0.05)增加了樱桃萝卜的叶绿素a含量、类胡萝卜素含量、根长与干物质量。樱桃萝卜萌发出芽阶段的耐盐能力大于幼苗生长阶段;黄腐酸钾可促进无盐水培樱桃萝卜出芽及生长,但在盐胁迫下虽可促进樱桃萝卜出芽,却不利于成活。

关键词: 樱桃萝卜, 盐分胁迫, 黄腐酸钾, 幼苗, 出芽率

Abstract:

To study the salt tolerance of cherry radish at germination and seedling stage, and explore the effect of fulvic acid potassium on improving salt tolerance, in this experiment, four NaCl concentration treatments (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 g/L) were used in hydroponics, and 0 g/L was used as control. Two treatment methods were set as adding 0.2 g/L fulvic acid potassium and not adding fulvic acid potassium, to investigate the germination rate, survival rate, morphological index and chlorophyll content of cherry radish. The results showed that with the extension of culture time in salt solution and the concentration increase of culture solution, the rate and extent of survival rate reduction of cherry radish seedlings both increased. The germination rate of cherry radish decreased slightly when the culture solution reached 3.0 g/L, and the dead seedling rate increased with the increase of salt concentration in the hydroponic solution. With the increase of the concentration of hydroponic solution, the root length, hypocotyl length, root-shoot ratio and dry matter weight of cherry radish were all inhibited to different degrees. At the same concentration of hydroponic solution, compared with the treatment without fulvic acid potassium, the germination rate of the treatments with fulvic acid potassium increased by 3.4%, 3.4%, 2.4%, 2.4% and 3.6%, respectively, and the time of the emergence of dead seedlings was delayed, but the dead seedling rate of the treatments of 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 g/L increased by 188.9%, 21.2% and 8.1%, respectively. In the control treatment, the addition of fulvic acid potassium significantly increased the chlorophyll-a content, carotenoid content, root length and dry matter weight of cherry radish (P<0.05). The salt tolerance of cherry radish at germination stage was greater than that in the seedling growth stage, fulvic acid potassium could promote the germination and growth of cherry radish in salt-free hydroponic, but under salt stress, although it could promote the germination of cherry radish, it is not conducive to the survival of the seedlings.

Key words: cherry radish, salt stress, fulvic acid potassium, seedling, germination rate

中图分类号:

李森, 冯棣, 张敬敏, 祝海燕, 彭佃亮, 王志和, 王芹芹. NaCl溶液水培下黄腐酸钾对樱桃萝卜出芽及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(5): 48-53.

LI Sen, FENG Di, ZHANG Jingmin, ZHU Haiyan, PENG Dianliang, WANG Zhihe, WANG Qinqin. Effects of Fulvic Acid Potassium on Germination and Seedling Growth of Cherry Radish Under NaCl Solution Hydroponics[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(5): 48-53.

图/表 5

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幼苗移入淡水培养时间	处理	播后天数/d
	处理	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
	CK	100.0a	100.0a	98.9a	98.9a	97.8a	97.8a	95.6a	94.4a	92.2a	84.4ab	83.3ab	77.8b
播后3 d	ST1-3	100.0a	100.0a	100.0a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	90.0ab	90.0ab	90.0a	90.0a	90.0a
	ST2-3	100.0a	100.0a	100.0a	100.00a	100.00a	100.00a	100.00a	96.7a	96.7a	90.0a	90.0a	90.0a
	ST3-3	100.0a	100.0a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	93.3a	90.0ab	90.0ab	80.0b	80.0b	76.7b
	ST4-3	100.0a	100.0a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	93.3a	80.0c	76.7c	76.7b	76.7b	76.7b
播后6 d	ST1-6	100.0a	-	-	100.0a	100.0a	96.7a	93.3a	93.3ab	93.3a	93.3a	93.3a	90.0a
	ST2-6	100.0a	-	-	93.3a	93.3ab	83.3b	80.0b	66.7d	53.3d	53.3c	40.0c	36.7c
	ST3-6	100.0a	-	-	93.3a	86.7b	83.3b	83.3b	60.0e	40.0e	40.0d	23.3d	23.3d
	ST4-6	100.0a	-	-	93.3a	76.7c	73.3c	63.3d	43.3g	10.0h	10.0f	10.0e	10.0e
播后9 d	ST1-9	100.0a	-	-	-	-	-	93.3a	86.7b	83.3b	76.7b	76.7b	76.7b
	ST2-9	100.0a	-	-	-	-	-	70.0c	50.0f	43.3e	20.0e	20.0d	16.7de
	ST3-9	100.0a	-	-	-	-	-	70.0c	46.7fg	30.0f	13.3ef	13.3de	0.0f
	ST4-9	100.0a	-	-	-	-	-	66.7cd	16.7h	3.3g	0.0g	0.0f	0.0f

幼苗移入淡水培养时间	处理	播后天数/d
	处理	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
	CK	100.0a	100.0a	98.9a	98.9a	97.8a	97.8a	95.6a	94.4a	92.2a	84.4ab	83.3ab	77.8b
播后3 d	ST1-3	100.0a	100.0a	100.0a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	90.0ab	90.0ab	90.0a	90.0a	90.0a
	ST2-3	100.0a	100.0a	100.0a	100.00a	100.00a	100.00a	100.00a	96.7a	96.7a	90.0a	90.0a	90.0a
	ST3-3	100.0a	100.0a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	93.3a	90.0ab	90.0ab	80.0b	80.0b	76.7b
	ST4-3	100.0a	100.0a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	96.7a	93.3a	80.0c	76.7c	76.7b	76.7b	76.7b
播后6 d	ST1-6	100.0a	-	-	100.0a	100.0a	96.7a	93.3a	93.3ab	93.3a	93.3a	93.3a	90.0a
	ST2-6	100.0a	-	-	93.3a	93.3ab	83.3b	80.0b	66.7d	53.3d	53.3c	40.0c	36.7c
	ST3-6	100.0a	-	-	93.3a	86.7b	83.3b	83.3b	60.0e	40.0e	40.0d	23.3d	23.3d
	ST4-6	100.0a	-	-	93.3a	76.7c	73.3c	63.3d	43.3g	10.0h	10.0f	10.0e	10.0e
播后9 d	ST1-9	100.0a	-	-	-	-	-	93.3a	86.7b	83.3b	76.7b	76.7b	76.7b
	ST2-9	100.0a	-	-	-	-	-	70.0c	50.0f	43.3e	20.0e	20.0d	16.7de
	ST3-9	100.0a	-	-	-	-	-	70.0c	46.7fg	30.0f	13.3ef	13.3de	0.0f
	ST4-9	100.0a	-	-	-	-	-	66.7cd	16.7h	3.3g	0.0g	0.0f	0.0f

处理	根长/cm	下胚轴长/cm	茎叶干物质量/g	根干物质量/g	总干物质量/g	根冠比
S0	2.20b	2.77b	0.0042b	0.0006b	0.0049bc	0.149
S1	2.18b	2.57b	0.0049ab	0.0005c	0.0054ab	0.108
S2	0.96c	2.26bc	0.0050a	0.0004d	0.0054ab	0.076
S3	0.68cd	1.87cd	0.0043b	0.0003ef	0.0046bc	0.058
S4	0.33d	1.40d	0.0041b	0.0002f	0.0043c	0.046
FS0	6.41a	4.16a	0.0053a	0.0007a	0.0060a	0.136
FS1	1.06c	4.04a	0.0053a	0.0005c	0.0059a	0.102
FS2	0.96c	3.71a	0.0047ab	0.0004d	0.0051bc	0.084
FS3	0.31d	1.56d	0.0045ab	0.0003e	0.0048bc	0.071
FS4	0.31d	1.40d	0.0045ab	0.0002e	0.0048b	0.066

处理	根长/cm	下胚轴长/cm	茎叶干物质量/g	根干物质量/g	总干物质量/g	根冠比
S0	2.20b	2.77b	0.0042b	0.0006b	0.0049bc	0.149
S1	2.18b	2.57b	0.0049ab	0.0005c	0.0054ab	0.108
S2	0.96c	2.26bc	0.0050a	0.0004d	0.0054ab	0.076
S3	0.68cd	1.87cd	0.0043b	0.0003ef	0.0046bc	0.058
S4	0.33d	1.40d	0.0041b	0.0002f	0.0043c	0.046
FS0	6.41a	4.16a	0.0053a	0.0007a	0.0060a	0.136
FS1	1.06c	4.04a	0.0053a	0.0005c	0.0059a	0.102
FS2	0.96c	3.71a	0.0047ab	0.0004d	0.0051bc	0.084
FS3	0.31d	1.56d	0.0045ab	0.0003e	0.0048bc	0.071
FS4	0.31d	1.40d	0.0045ab	0.0002e	0.0048b	0.066

处理	叶绿素a/(mg/g)	叶绿素b/(mg/g)	叶绿素/(mg/g)	类胡萝卜素/(mg/g)	总干物质量/g
S0	0.654±0.007b	0.230±0.003a	0.883±0.006b	0.250±0.002b	0.0059±0.0005b
FS0	0.748±0.004a	0.239±0.003a	0.987±0.005a	0.283±0.001a	0.0080±0.0010a