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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 29-35.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0355

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺 农业生态

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同生境中喜旱莲子草雄蕊雌化的发生及其在花序内的分布模式

张日谦1(), 何孟莹1, 钱美娇1, 张雪1, 刘依琳1, 宛传捷1, 张震1,2()   

  1. 1安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥 230036
    2农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室,合肥 230036
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-06 修回日期:2021-07-28 出版日期:2022-02-05 发布日期:2022-03-16
  • 通讯作者: 张震
  • 作者简介:张日谦,2000年出生,安徽铜陵人,本科。通信地址:230036 安徽省合肥市长江西路130号,Tel:0551-65786316,E-mail: 707372407@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“化感作用在生态控制喜旱莲子草过程中的效应及其机制研究”(31772235);国家重点研发计划项目子课题“土壤退化对农业主要有害生物发生影响机制”(2017YFD0200604);国家级大学生创新创业训练项目“入侵植物喜旱莲子草雄蕊心皮化发生与环境因子的关系研究”(ds195214)

Alternanthera philoxeroides in Different Habitats: Occurrence of Stamen Feminization and Its Distribution Pattern Within the Inflorescence

ZHANG Riqian1(), HE Mengying1, QIAN Meijiao1, ZHANG Xue1, LIU Yilin1, WAN Chuanjie1, ZHANG Zhen1,2()   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036
    2Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Hefei 230036
  • Received:2021-04-06 Revised:2021-07-28 Online:2022-02-05 Published:2022-03-16
  • Contact: ZHANG Zhen

摘要:

研究入侵植物喜旱莲子草雄蕊雌化现象与生境的关系及其进入入侵地后的繁殖策略,以期补充该入侵植物的入侵理论,为该入侵植物的综合防治提供重要的理论依据。以喜旱莲子草为研究材料,探究不同生境及不同花序位置上雄蕊雌化现象的发生。以雄蕊水平上的雄蕊雌化程度和花水平上的雄蕊雌化频率,作为衡量喜旱莲子草雄蕊雌化现象发生的参数。结果表明:(1)雄蕊雌化现象在喜旱莲子草中普遍发生,雌化程度及雌化频率普遍较高。(2)3种生境中喜旱莲子草雄蕊雌化程度为水生(5.5032)>湿生(5.2403)>旱生(5.2066),雄蕊雌化频率也为水生(86.75%)>湿生(77.28%)>旱生(76.17%)。(3)喜旱莲子草雄蕊雌化现象的发生,从顶部到底部无显著差异。喜旱莲子草的雄蕊雌化现象倾向于在水分充足的条件下发生,该现象在花序内呈相对均匀的分布模式,与其进入入侵地后以无性繁殖为主要繁殖方式的特性相符。

关键词: 入侵植物, 生境, 花序位置, 雄蕊雌化, 喜旱莲子草

Abstract:

The authors studied the relationship between the stamen feminization phenomenon of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its habitat, and explored its reproductive strategy after entering the invasive site, aiming to supplement the invasion theory of this invasive plant and provide a theoretical basis for its integrated control. In this study, the occurrences of stamen feminization in different habitats and different inflorescence positions were investigated using A. philoxeroides as the study material. The degree of stamen feminization at the stamen level and the frequency of stamen feminization at the flower level were used as parameters to measure the occurrence of stamen feminization in A. philoxeroides. The results show that: (1) stamen feminization occurs commonly in A. philoxeroides, and the degree and frequency of feminization are generally high; (2) the degree of stamen feminization in A. philoxeroides in the three habitats is aquatic (5.5032)> wet (5.2403)> dry (5.2066); the frequency of stamen feminization is also aquatic (86.75%)> wet (77.28%)> dry (76.17%); (3) there is no significant difference in the occurrence of stamen feminization in A. philoxeroides from the top to the bottom. Thus, the phenomenon of stamen feminization in A. philoxeroides tends to occur under conditions of sufficient moistre, and the phenomenon shows a relatively uniform distribution pattern within the inflorescence, which is consistent with its characteristic of asexual reproduction as the main mode of reproduction after entering the invasive site.

Key words: invasive plant, habitat, inflorescence position, stamen feminization, Alternanthera philoxeroides

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