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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (32): 10-14.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0605

所属专题： 玉米

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同温度处理对玉米种子内藏真菌和种子发芽的影响

李文明1(), 马建仓1(), 雷玉明2, 邢会琴2, 尚立琪2   

  1. 1张掖市玉米原种场,甘肃张掖 734024
    2河西学院农业与生态工程学院,甘肃张掖 734000
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-16 修回日期:2021-08-13 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2022-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 马建仓
  • 作者简介:李文明,男,1963年出生,甘肃张掖人,高级农艺师,本科,主要从事玉米新品种培育及其种子生产和病虫害防治工作。通信地址：734024 甘肃省张掖市甘州区平原堡镇988号,Tel：0936-6915041,E-mail： 13809363250@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    河西学院博士启动基金(KYQD2020022);甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-53)

Effect of Different Temperature and Time on Seed-borne Fungi and Seed Germination of Maize

Li Wenming1(), Ma Jiancang1(), Lei Yuming2, Xing Huiqin2, Shang Liqi2   

  1. 1Zhangye Corn Stock Seed Farm, Zhangye Gansu 734024
    2College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye Gansu 734000
  • Received:2021-06-16 Revised:2021-08-13 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2022-01-07
  • Contact: Ma Jiancang

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摘要：

为了减轻玉米种传真菌病害的发生,需探索合理的种子处理方法以降低带菌率。以‘郑58’为试材,用PDA平板培养和滤纸发芽试验方法,测得不同温度处理后种子内藏真菌带菌率和发芽指标的数据。结果表明,30℃~50℃处理的种子均能带菌,带菌率在3.3%~23.3%之间,且随温度升高和处理时间延长而下降,真菌种类也随之减少。40℃和45℃(10~20 min)处理的种子带菌率为10%~13.5%,显著低于对照(P<0.05),45℃(30 min)和50℃处理的种子带菌率最低,为3.3%~6.7%。不同温度对种子发芽的影响存在一定差异。30℃无影响,35℃和40℃(10~20 min)明显提高了种子发芽势和发芽指数(P<0.05),40℃(30 min)使发芽率下降,45℃~50℃显著降低了各发芽指标(P<0.05)。40℃处理10~20 min,能有效降低种子内藏真菌带菌率33.5%~50.0%,促进种子发芽,可用于播前种子处理。

关键词: 温度, 玉米种子, 种带真菌, 种子发芽

Abstract:

To reduce the occurrence of maize seed-borne fungi disease, reasonable seed treatment methods should be explored to reduce the rate of fungi. ‘Zheng 58’ was used as material, and the fungal rate of seed-borne fungi and the seed germination were detected by the methods of PDA plate culture and germination test of filter paper with different temperature treatments. The results showed that seeds could carry fungi at the temperature of 30℃ to 50℃, the fungal rates changed from 3.3% to 23.3%, which decreased significantly with the increase of temperature and extension of treatment time, and fungal species also reduced. In the treatments at 40℃ and 45℃ (10-20 min), the fungal rates of seeds ranged from 10% to 13.5%, significantly lower than that of the control (P <0.05). The internal fungal rates of 3.3%-6.7% at 45℃ (30 min) and 50℃ were the lowest. Effects of different temperature on the germination rate, germination potential and germination index of seeds were significantly different. 30℃ treatment had no effect on seed germination. The germination potential and germination index of seeds treated at 35℃ and 40℃ (10-20 min) increased significantly, but the germination rate of seeds at 40℃(30 min) reduced significantly (P<0.05). At the temperature from 45℃ to 50℃, the germination potential, germination rate and germination index decreased significantly. The rates of fungi inside seeds treated at 40℃ for 10-20 min were reduced effectively by 33.5%-50.0%, and seed germination was promoted, which could be used as reasonable temperature and time of maize seed treatment before sowing.

Key words: temperature, maize seed, seed-borne fungi, seed germination

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