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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (26): 105-110.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0787

所属专题： 园艺

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

果桑夏伐枝条的饲用价值

左艳春1(), 王红林1, 严旭1, 周晓康1, 肖蔹2, 寇晶1, 陈义安1, 杜周和1()   

  1. 1四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川南充 637000
    2南充市饲料站,四川南充 637000
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-19 修回日期:2021-12-16 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-09-09
  • 通讯作者: 杜周和
  • 作者简介:左艳春,女,1980年出生,四川西充人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事饲用作物新品种选育及配套栽培利用方面的研究。通信地址：637000 四川省南充市合众街97号。E-mail： 371950911@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省农业科技成果转化资金项目“高蛋白饲料桑‘川饲桑1号’中试与转化”(2021NZZJ007);四川省“十四五”农作物及畜禽育种攻关项目“桑树种质资源保护利用及突破性新桑品种选育与配套技术研究”(2021YFYZ0024-2);四川省农业科学院现代农业学科建设推进工程项目“新型高蛋白饲料资源开发利用关键技术研究与示范”(2021XKJS096);四川省重点研发项目“新型高蛋白木本饲料资源开发利用关键技术研究与示范”(2019YFN0022)

Feeding Value of Summer-pruning Twigs of Fruit Mulberry

ZUO Yanchun1(), WANG Honglin1, YAN Xu1, ZHOU Xiaokang1, XIAO Lian2, KOU Jing1, CHEN Yi’an1, DU Zhouhe1()   

  1. 1Sericultural Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000
    2Nanchong Feed Station, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000
  • Received:2021-08-19 Revised:2021-12-16 Online:2022-09-15 Published:2022-09-09
  • Contact: DU Zhouhe

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摘要：

本研究旨在通过分析果桑夏伐枝条的饲用价值,明确其作为非常规饲料开发利用的可行性。采收生产上推广面积最大的果桑品种‘粤椹10号’(Y10)和‘嘉陵30号’(J30)的夏伐一年生枝条,分析其鲜、干产量、营养品质等;并与其他常见农业副产物的饲用价值进行比较。Y10和J30的夏伐一年生新鲜枝条生物量分别为19798 kg/hm2和15820 kg/hm2,品种间差异显著(P<0.05);叶片对产量的贡献最高,干重叶茎比分别为4.03(Y10)和6.51(J30)。两个果桑品种叶片氨基酸组成全面且丰富,含16种氨基酸,总氨基酸含量11.00%~12.90%。一年生枝条的蛋白含量(13.77%~15.83%)、粗脂肪(2.21%~2.30%)、粗灰分(9.32%~10.84%)、中性洗涤纤维(21.96%~22.66%)和酸性洗涤纤维(10.76%~11.69%)等营养参数优于茎秆,略逊于叶片。枝条干物质采食量占体重的5.30~5.46%,可消化干物质占干物质的79.79~80.51%,相对饲用价值为327.82~340.76。果桑枝条较稻草、红薯藤、花生秧、甘蔗渣等常规农业副产物有更好的营养品质和相对饲用价值。果桑夏伐一年生枝条是果桑产业的副产物,生物量可观、品质优良且具有较高的饲用价值,可以作为畜禽的非常规饲料开发利用。

关键词: 果桑, 夏伐, 产量, 营养品质, 饲用价值

Abstract:

This study aims to clarify the feasibility of using summer-pruning twigs of fruit mulberry as feed by analyzing feeding value of the one-year-old twigs. The most popular mulberry varieties for fruit production, ‘Yuesheng 10’ (Y10) and ‘Jialing 30’ (J30), were harvested by pruning the fruit-bearing branch in summer. Fresh biomass, dry biomass, and nutritional quality of the one-year-old twigs were analyzed. The feeding value was compared with other conventional by-products. The results showed that the fresh biomass of one-year-old twigs of Y10 and J30 were 19798kg/hm2 and 15820kg/hm2, respectively. There was significant difference between the two varieties (P<0.05). The leaves had the highest contribution to the yield, and the leaf-to-stem ratios expressed on a dry weight basis were 4.03(Y10) and 6.51(J30), respectively. The amino acid composition of the mulberry leaves was comprehensive and rich, and the two varieties contained 16 kinds of amino acids in an amount from 11.00% to 12.90%. The crude protein (13.77%-15.83%), crude fat (2.21%-2.30%), crude ash (9.32%-10.84%), neutral detergent fiber (21.96%-22.66%), and acid detergent fiber (10.76%-11.69%) of the one-year-old twigs of the two fruit mulberry varieties were better than those of their stems and slightly inferior to those of their leaves. The range of dry matter intake, digestible dry matter and relative feed value were 5.30%-5.46%BW, 79.79%-80.51%DM, and 327.82-340.76 in the one-year-old twigs from the two fruit mulberry varieties, respectively. Compared with conventional by-products, such as rice straw, sweet potato vine, peanut straw and bagasse, fruit mulberry twigs have better nutritional value and relative feeding value. The summer-pruning twigs are by-products of fruit mulberry and have high biomass, comprehensive nutrition, good quality and high relative feeding value, which can be developed and utilized as unconventional high-protein feed for livestock and poultry.

Key words: fruit mulberry, summer-pruning, yield, nutritional quality, feeding value

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