‘商薯19’静置水培营养液的筛选与内源激素分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1083

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为建立‘商薯19’脱毒苗的水培快繁体系提供依据,通过研究筛选出静置水培条件下‘商薯19’脱毒苗适宜的营养液配方,明确甘薯植株叶片中内源激素种类以及水培对甘薯苗叶片激素的影响。以‘商薯19’脱毒苗为试验材料,分别用循环水生菜营养液、霍格兰营养液和MS等营养液配方,设置不同浓度处理,并以清水培养为对照,研究不同营养液对‘商薯19’脱毒苗生长的影响。利用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法对水培和土培条件下甘薯激素进行检测。结果表明,静置水培20天,在1/2霍格兰营养液中,甘薯植株最大根长、平均鲜根重、叶绿素相对含量、平均茎长均优于其他营养液处理。对16种植物激素进行检测,结果在甘薯植株体内检测到11种激素,与对照相比,水培植株中脱落酸浓度降低了71.37%,吲哚乙酸浓度降低了51.64%,茉莉酸浓度增加了231.68%。本研究首次对‘商薯19’脱毒苗开展水培研究,筛选出1/2霍格兰营养液为‘商薯19’脱毒苗静置水培最适营养液。对水培条件下甘薯植株内源激素检测,并检测到11种激素,与对照培养相比较,水培条件下甘薯植株的脱落酸和吲哚乙酸含量降低,茉莉酸含量增加,这3种激素浓度变化较大。结果为进一步研究利用甘薯水培技术、建立甘薯植物工厂等提供参考。

关键词: 水培, 营养液配方, ‘商薯19’, 霍格兰营养液, 内源激素

Abstract:

To provide reference for establishing rapid propagation system for virus-free ‘Shangshu 19’ plantlet, this study screened the optimal nutrient solution formula for sweet potato ‘Shangshu 19’ plantlets growing under static hydroponics, clarified the kinds of endogenous hormones and the effects of hydroponics on hormones in sweet potato plantlet leaves. The effects of different nutrient solution formulas with different concentrations on the growth of virus-free ‘Shangshu 19’ plantlets were studied by using the nutrient solutions including circulating water lettuce nutrition formula, Hoagland nutrient solution, and MS microelement, clear water was used as the control treatment. Under hydroponics and soil culture, endogenous hormones were detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that: under the static hydroponics for 20 days, the maximum root length, average fresh root weight, relative chlorophyll content and average stem length of sweet potato plants were the best in 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution, better than those in other nutrient solution treatments. 16 kinds of endogenous hormones were tested, 11 of them were detected in the sweet potato plants. Compared with those of the control, the concentration of abscisic acid (ABA) decreased by 71.37%, the concentration of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) decreased by 51.64%, and the concentration of jasmonic acid (JA) increased by 231.68% in hydroponic plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report on virus-free ‘Shangshu 19’ plantlets which were cultured under hydroponics. 1/2-Hoagland nutrient solution is the most suitable solution for hydroponics. For the first time, 11 endogenous hormones in sweet potato were detected under hydroponic conditions. Compared with the control, the concentration of ABA and IAA in sweet potato plants under hydroponics decreased, and the concentration of JA increased. The concentration of ABA, JA and IAA varied greatly. The results can provide reference for further research and utilization of sweet potato hydroponic technology and the establishment of sweet potato plant factories.

Key words: hydroponics, nutrient solution formula, ‘Shangshu 19’, Hoagland nutrient solution, endogenous hormone

中图分类号:

S531

王永江, 王爽, 乔奇, 田雨婷. ‘商薯19’静置水培营养液的筛选与内源激素分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(32): 99-105.

WANG Yongjiang, WANG Shuang, QIAO Qi, TIAN Yuting. Screening Nutrient Solution Formulas for Static Hydroponics of Sweet Potato ‘Shangshu 19’ Plantlet and Analysis of Endogenous Hormone Concentrations[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(32): 99-105.

图/表 4

参考文献 35

[1]	王欣, 李强, 曹清河, 等. 中国甘薯产业和种业发展现状与未来展望[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(3):483-492.
[2]	张振臣. 我国甘薯脱毒种薯种苗繁育存在的问题及建议[J]. 植物保护, 2020(6):10-13.
[3]	邢凤武, 王平修, 蒋晓璐. 甘薯品种商薯19高产栽培技术[J]. 中国种业, 2015, 7:57-58.
[4]	CLARK C A, HOY M W. Effects of common viruses on yield and quality of ‘Beauregard’ sweet potato in Louisiana[J]. Plant disease, 2006, 90:83-88. doi: 10.1094/PD-90-0083 URL
[5]	LING K S, JACKSON D M, HARRISON H, et al. Field evaluation of yield effects on the U.S.A. heirloom sweet potato cultivars infected by sweet potato leaf curl virus[J]. Crop protection, 2010, 29(7):757-765. doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2010.02.017 URL
[6]	杨崇良, 尚佑芬, 赵玖华, 等. 甘薯脱毒技术及增产效果研究[J]. 植物保护学报, 1998, 25(1):51-55.
[7]	张振臣. 河南省甘薯脱毒技术研究现状及展望[J]. 河南农业科学, 2009, 9:64-66,74.
[8]	陈明灿, 孔祥生, 楚爱香, 等. 脱毒甘薯增产性能研究[J]. 洛阳农业高等专科学校学报, 1999, 19(2):6-7.
[9]	杨崇良, 尚佑芬, 赵玖华, 等. 甘薯脱毒技术及增产效果研究[J]. 植物保护学报, 1998, 25(1):51-55.
[10]	周全卢, 李育明, 何素兰, 等. 脱毒甘薯水培快速繁育方法[J]. 江苏师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2017, 35(4):31-32.
[11]	BLÁZQUEZ M A. NELSON D C. WEIJERS D. Evolution of plant hormone response pathways[J]. Annual review of plant biology, 2020, 71(1):327-353. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-100309 URL
[12]	ZHAO S, LI Y. Current understanding of the interplays between host hormones and plant viral infections[J]. PLoS pathogens, 2021, 17(2):e1009242. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009242 URL
[13]	ZHANG C, DING Z, WU K. et al. Suppression of jasmonic acid-mediated defense by viral-Inducible Micro RNA319 facilitates virus infection in Rice[J]. Molecular plant, 2016, 9(9):1302-1314. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.06.014 URL
[14]	ALI S, HAYAT K, IQBAL A. et al. Implications of abscisic acid in the drought stress tolerance of plants[J]. Agronomy, 2020, 10(1323):1323. doi: 10.3390/agronomy10091323 URL
[15]	LI W, CUI X. MENG Z. et al. Transcriptional regulation of Arabidopsis MIR168a and argonaute1 homeostasis in abscisic acid and abiotic stress responses[J]. Plant physiology, 2012, 158(3):1279-1292. doi: 10.1104/pp.111.188789 URL
[16]	胡玥, 金敏凤, 王全喜. 不同无土栽培方式及其对蔬菜品质影响的研究进展[J]. 上海师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 44(6):672-680.
[17]	郑佳伟. 水培对叶菜型甘薯产量及品质的影响[D]. 福州: 福建农林大学, 2013.
[18]	罗林会, 邱宁宏. 脱毒甘薯组培苗水培营养液配方筛选[J]. 长江蔬菜, 2009(10):52-54.
[19]	程永生. 八仙花水培营养液筛选及株型的化学调控研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2010.
[20]	HILL W A, LORETAN P A, BONSI C K, et al. Utilization of sweet potatoes in controlled ecological life support systems (CELSS)[J]. Advances in space research, 1989, 9(8):29-41. pmid: 11537388
[21]	李润根, 卢其能, 刘佳丽. 台农71菜用甘薯水陪营养液配方筛选[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2019, 60(11):2060-2062.2065.
[22]	覃华勇, 聂明建, 催强旺. 等. 菜用甘薯水培营养液配方与品种筛选[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2019, 47(11):161-167.
[23]	周雅倩, 陆国权. 观赏甘薯水培营养液优选研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(31):129-136.
[24]	陈选阳, 张招娟, 郑佳伟, 等. 水培对叶菜型甘薯茎尖营养品质与硝酸盐含量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(17):3736-3742.
[25]	李丹, 王宇, 陈晨. 植物内源激素预处理方法与色谱检测技术的研究进展[J]. 食品安全导刊, 2017(18):94.
[26]	解备涛, 王庆美, 张海燕, 等. 植物生长调节剂对甘薯产量和激素含量的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2016(1):155-161. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2016.01.025
[27]	张海燕, 段文学, 解备涛, 等. 不同时期干旱胁迫对甘薯内源激素的影响及其与块根产量的关系[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(1):126-136.
[28]	姚帮本, 乔东晴, 童宁, 等. 超高效液相色谱串联质谱法同时检测13种植物生长激素残留物[J]. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2020(11):3500-3507.
[29]	朱琳, 张蕊, 张冰, 等. 超高效液相色谱串联质谱法快速测定大米中14种农药残留[J]. 中国粮油学报, 2021(5):149-153.
[30]	石磊. 长寿花水培营养液筛选研究[D]. 银川: 宁夏大学, 2013.5.
[31]	张永强, 吴永辉, 刘念. 益智水生根系诱导及水培营养液筛选[J]. 广东园林, 2018, 40(3):33-37.
[32]	戚冰洁, 曹月阳, 张珮琪, 等. 外源氯胁迫对甘薯幼苗光合特性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2013, 33(5):984-991.
[33]	GRANT P J, LU J Y, MORTLEY D G, et al. Nutrient composition of sweet potato storage roots altered by frequency of nutrient solution change[J]. Hortscience, 1993, 8:802-804.
[34]	环球时报. 植物工厂60天收获:我国实现水稻生育周期减半重要突破[EB/OL]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1708759212476256038&wfr=spider&for=pc. 2021-08-22.
[35]	王庆美, 张立明, 王振林. 甘薯内源激素变化与块根形成膨大的关系[J]. 中国农业科学, 2005, 38(12):2414-2420.

营养元素	处理浓度mg/L
营养元素	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	1/2 Ⅰ	1/2 Ⅱ	1/2 Ⅲ	1/4 Ⅰ	1/4 Ⅱ	1/4 Ⅲ
Ca(NO₃)₂ 4H₂O	1122	944.6	-	561	472.3	-	280.5	236.15	-
KNO₃	910	606.6	1900	455	303.3	950	227.5	151.65	475
MgSO₄ 7H₂O	247.0	492.9	370	123.5	246.45	185	61.75	123.23	92.5
NH₄H₂PO₄	40	115	-	20	57.5	-	10	28.75	-
KH₂PO₄	-	-	170	-	-	85	-	-	42.5
K₂HPO₄	272	170	-	136	85	-	68	42.5	-
NH₄NO₃	-	-	1650	-	-	825	-	-	412.5
CaCI_2·2H₂O	-	-	440	-	-	220	-	-	110
NaH₂PO₄	-	-	170	-	-	85	-	-	42.5

营养元素	处理浓度mg/L
营养元素	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	1/2 Ⅰ	1/2 Ⅱ	1/2 Ⅲ	1/4 Ⅰ	1/4 Ⅱ	1/4 Ⅲ
Ca(NO₃)₂ 4H₂O	1122	944.6	-	561	472.3	-	280.5	236.15	-
KNO₃	910	606.6	1900	455	303.3	950	227.5	151.65	475
MgSO₄ 7H₂O	247.0	492.9	370	123.5	246.45	185	61.75	123.23	92.5
NH₄H₂PO₄	40	115	-	20	57.5	-	10	28.75	-
KH₂PO₄	-	-	170	-	-	85	-	-	42.5
K₂HPO₄	272	170	-	136	85	-	68	42.5	-
NH₄NO₃	-	-	1650	-	-	825	-	-	412.5
CaCI_2·2H₂O	-	-	440	-	-	220	-	-	110
NaH₂PO₄	-	-	170	-	-	85	-	-	42.5

营养液处理	5天最大根长/cm	5天平均根长/ cm	20天最长根长/cm	20天平均根长/ cm	平均鲜根重/(g/株)	平均鲜根体积/ mL	20天平均茎长/cm	最长茎长/ cm
Ⅰ	8.5	6.28abc	34.0	29.93ab	5.43bcd	5.37cd	10.58bcd	13.5
Ⅱ	10.3	6.83abc	35.5	31.44a	6.03b	5.78bc	13.50a	16.2
Ⅲ	9.0	6.16bc	33.4	28.87ab	5.11bcd	4.9cde	12.41abc	15.0
1/2 Ⅰ	9.5	7.38ab	33.3	28.98ab	6.91a	6.50ab	13.1ab	14.7
1/2 Ⅱ	11.0	7.93a	35.5	31.39a	7.32a	6.83a	13.93a	16.5
1/2 Ⅲ	9.5	7.00abc	34.3	26.60b	5.50bcd	5.33cd	13.06ab	15.2
1/4 Ⅰ	9.0	6.48abc	32.5	25.8b	5.10bcd	4.72de	10.23cd	12.5
1/4 Ⅱ	9.0	6.28abc	32.0	27.00	5.67bc	5.20cde	10.47cd	12.6
1/4 Ⅲ	9.0	6.12bc	31.0	25.68b	4.97cd	4.65de	9.45d	11.4
清水	9.0	5.23c	25.5	15.30c	4.63d	4.33e	6.40	9.5

营养液处理	5天最大根长/cm	5天平均根长/ cm	20天最长根长/cm	20天平均根长/ cm	平均鲜根重/(g/株)	平均鲜根体积/ mL	20天平均茎长/cm	最长茎长/ cm
Ⅰ	8.5	6.28abc	34.0	29.93ab	5.43bcd	5.37cd	10.58bcd	13.5
Ⅱ	10.3	6.83abc	35.5	31.44a	6.03b	5.78bc	13.50a	16.2
Ⅲ	9.0	6.16bc	33.4	28.87ab	5.11bcd	4.9cde	12.41abc	15.0
1/2 Ⅰ	9.5	7.38ab	33.3	28.98ab	6.91a	6.50ab	13.1ab	14.7
1/2 Ⅱ	11.0	7.93a	35.5	31.39a	7.32a	6.83a	13.93a	16.5
1/2 Ⅲ	9.5	7.00abc	34.3	26.60b	5.50bcd	5.33cd	13.06ab	15.2
1/4 Ⅰ	9.0	6.48abc	32.5	25.8b	5.10bcd	4.72de	10.23cd	12.5
1/4 Ⅱ	9.0	6.28abc	32.0	27.00	5.67bc	5.20cde	10.47cd	12.6
1/4 Ⅲ	9.0	6.12bc	31.0	25.68b	4.97cd	4.65de	9.45d	11.4
清水	9.0	5.23c	25.5	15.30c	4.63d	4.33e	6.40	9.5

	1 d	5 d	10 d	15 d	20 d
Ⅰ	38.90a	35.8c	45.3ab	47.75ab	47.45ab
Ⅱ	38.93a	36.64bc	45.53ab	48.24a	48.41a
Ⅲ	38.98a	36.68bc	44.66b	45.10bc	44.65c
1/2 Ⅰ	39.01a	37.97a	45.74ab	46.50abc	46.35b
1/2 Ⅱ	38.65a	37.36ab	46.53a	48.08a	47.75a
1/2 Ⅲ	38.85a	37.25ab	42.87c	44.63c	43.62c
1/4 Ⅰ	38.95a	36.51bc	39.40d	41.2d	36.21d
1/4 Ⅱ	38.75a	36.65bc	39.65d	40.53d	37.43d
1/4 Ⅲ	39.12a	36.32bc	38.48d	34.92e	34.43e
清水	38.95a	36.02bc	30.34e	26.43f	20.85f