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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (19): 37-42.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0125

所属专题: 生物技术 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

蓝莓反季成花机理研究初报

苏泽春1(), 和加卫1, 杨正松1,2(), 和志娇1, 杨雅涵1, 和文佳1   

  1. 1云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所,云南丽江 674199
    2丽江蓝玛生物科技开发有限责任公司,云南丽江 674199
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-03 修回日期:2022-05-14 出版日期:2022-07-05 发布日期:2022-07-13
  • 通讯作者: 杨正松
  • 作者简介:苏泽春,男,1977年出生,云南鹤庆人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为高山经济植物资源评价及栽培技术研究。通信地址:674199 云南省丽江市古城区省农科院高山经济植物研究所,E-mail: 806957397@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“蓝莓反季成花机理研究”(31660550);丽江市后备人才培养计划“蓝莓基质栽培关键技术研究”(2021rc04);区域创新合作“川滇生态蓝莓产业化应用技术研究”(2021YFQ0014);云南省科技入滇专项“云南省李亚东专家工作站”(202105AF150199);云南省重大科技专项“蓝莓新品种选育及种苗繁育”(2019ZG002)

Study on the Mechanism of Blueberry Off-season Flowering

SU Zechun1(), HE Jiawei1, YANG Zhengsong1,2(), HE Zhijiao1, YANG Yahan1, HE Wenjia1   

  1. 1Alpine Economic Plant Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lijiang, Yunnan 674199
    2Lijiang Lanma Biotechnology Development Limited Company in Yunnan Province, Lijiang, Yunnan 674199
  • Received:2022-03-03 Revised:2022-05-14 Online:2022-07-05 Published:2022-07-13
  • Contact: YANG Zhengsong

摘要:

为揭示云贵高原产区蓝莓反季开花的形成机理,观察云南蓝莓的开花动态,并对不同时期产量构成因素进行相关分析。结果表明:(1)‘夏普蓝’出现了3次现蕾开花结果,连续2次开花之间没有时间间隔;‘双丰’出现了2次现蕾开花结果,连续2次开花之间有时间间隔;而‘蓝丰’只现蕾开花结果1次。(2)在‘夏普蓝’的第1次开花和结果中,一级分枝结果枝条数和一级分枝结果数与产量呈极显著正相关;在‘夏普蓝’的第2次开花和结果中,二级分枝结果枝条数与产量呈极显著正相关;在‘夏普蓝’的第3次开花和结果中,二级分枝结果枝条数与产量呈极显著正相关。(3)在‘双丰’的第1次开花和结果中,一级分枝结果枝条数和一级分枝结果数与产量呈极显著正相关;在‘双丰’的第2次开花和结果中,一级分枝结果数与产量呈极显著正相关。(4)‘蓝丰’开花和结果中,二级分枝结果枝条数和二级分枝结果数与产量呈极显著正相关。本研究对3个蓝莓品种的开花结实进行了梳理,研究结果可为进一步探讨蓝莓花芽分化与内源激素、蓝莓花芽分化与形态解剖、蓝莓花芽分化与成花基因等提供理论支撑。

关键词: 蓝莓, 反季成花, 品种特性, 内源激素, 云贵高原

Abstract:

To reveal the mechanism of the off-season flowering of blueberry in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the characters of flowering and fruiting were observed in Yunnan, and the yield composing factors at different stages were analyzed by correlation analysis. The results were as follows. (1) ‘Sharpblue’ had flowering and fruiting for three times and no time interval between two successive blooms, ‘Shuangfeng’ had flowering and fruiting twice and an obvious interval was observed between the two blooms, and ‘Lanfeng’ had flowering and fruiting only once in a year. (2) During the first flowering and fruiting of ‘Sharpblue’, the yield had highly and significantly positive correlation with the number of primary fruit branches, while, during the second and third flowering and fruiting of ‘Sharpblue’, the yield had highly and significantly positive correlation with the number of secondary branches. (3) For ‘Shuangfeng’, the yield had highly and significantly positive correlation with the number of primary fruit branches and the number of fruits on primary branches during the first flowering and fruiting, while, during the second flowering and fruiting of ‘Shuangfeng’, the yield had highly and significantly positive correlation with the number of fruits on primary branches. (4) During the flowering and fruiting of ‘Lanfeng’, the yield had highly and significantly positive correlation with the number of secondary fruit branches and the number of fruits on secondary branches. The present study explored the flowering and fruiting characteristics of three blueberry varieties, and the results can provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the correlations of the flower bud differentiation with endgenous hormones, morphological anatomy and flowering genes.

Key words: blueberry, off-season flowering, variety characteristics, endogenous hormones, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

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