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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (30): 72-76.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1091

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

水肥一体追肥减量对黄心菜生长、产量及基质环境的影响

陈哲栋1(), 侯会静1(), 徐晓2, 王强3, 周明耀1   

  1. 1扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州 225009
    2常熟市董浜水利管理服务站,江苏苏州 215534
    3江苏绿博生物科技有限公司,江苏苏州 215534
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-15 修回日期:2022-03-20 出版日期:2022-10-25 发布日期:2022-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 侯会静
  • 作者简介:陈哲栋,男,1996年出生,浙江舟山人,硕士研究生,研究方向为节水灌溉理论与技术。通信地址：225009 江苏省扬州市邗江区扬州大学江阳路南校区,E-mail： chenzhedong666@gmail.com。
  • 基金资助:
    苏州市水利水务科技项目“设施瓜果类蔬菜滴灌水肥一体化灌溉制度研究”(202008)

Effects of Reducing Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield and Substrate Environment of Brassica pekinensis Lour. Rupr. Under Water-Fertilizer Integration

CHEN Zhedong1(), HOU Huijing1(), XU Xiao2, WANG Qiang3, ZHOU Mingyao1   

  1. 1College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009
    2Water Conservancy Management Service Station of Dongbang Town, Changshu City, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215534
    3Jiangsu Lvbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215534
  • Received:2021-11-15 Revised:2022-03-20 Online:2022-10-25 Published:2022-10-27
  • Contact: HOU Huijing

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摘要：

旨在为水肥一体化在黄心菜设施栽培中的应用提供理论依据,本研究设置了常规施肥(CK),水肥一体化滴灌条件下常规追肥量(T1)、追肥减施33.4%(T2)和追肥减施66.7%(T3)4个处理,采用盆栽基质栽培法,探讨水肥一体化条件下追肥减量对黄心菜生长、产量、肥料偏生产力(partial factor productivity of fertilizer, PFP)和基质环境的影响。结果表明：相比CK处理,T1、T2和T3处理分别增产51.61%、44.15%和29.28%,增产显著。T3处理组PFP最高,达到139.55 kg/kg,是CK的2.4倍。水肥一体化有利于提高叶片数、开展度和最大叶面积,且在追肥后水肥一体化处理肥料见效更快。高水肥能显著提高基质碱解氮含量,但同时会造成基质中可溶性离子浓度过高。综上所述,采用水肥一体化可有效提高黄心菜产量、生长指标和PFP,建议追肥减施33.4%,不仅可显著提高产量和PFP且不易造成盐害。

关键词: 水肥一体化, 肥料偏生产力, 黄心菜, 产量, 肥料减施

Abstract:

To provide a theoretical basis for water-fertilizer integration in the greenhouse cultivation of B. pekinensis, this study set up four treatments: conventional fertilization (CK), and conventional topdressing amount (T1), 33.4% reduction of topdressing fertilizer (T2) and 66.7% reduction of topdressing fertilize (T3) under drip irrigation and fertilizer integration, and used potted substrate cultivation method to explore the effects of reducing the amount of topdressing on growth, yield, partial factor productivity of fertilizer (PFP) and substrate environment. The results showed that compared with CK, T1, T2 and T3 increased the yield by 51.61%, 44.15% and 29.28%, respectively, and the yield increase was significant. PFP in T3 treatment group was the highest, reaching 139.55 kg/kg, which was 2.4 times that of CK. The water-fertilizer integration is beneficial to increasing the number of leaves, leaf divergence and the maximum leaf area, and the treatments under water-fertilizer integration after topdressing have a faster effect. High water-fertilizer can significantly increase the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content of the substrate, but at the same time it will cause the concentration of soluble ions in the substrate to be too high. In conclusion, the application of water-fertilizer integration can effectively improve the yield, growth index and PFP of B. pekinensis. It is recommended that 33.4% reduction in topdressing fertilizer application can not only significantly improve the yield and PFP but also be less likely to cause salt damage.

Key words: water-fertilizer integration, partial factor productivity of fertilizer, Brassica pekinensis Lour. Rupr., yield, fertilizer reduction

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