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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (30): 65-71.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1166

所属专题： 生物技术； 资源与环境； 农业工程

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

东西垄丛栽方式对日光温室秋冬茬番茄生长及其温光环境的影响

唐佳宁1(), 陈启峰1, 余朝阁1, 富宏丹1, 刘长春2, 郑淑荣2, 宋卫丽2, 孙周平1()   

  1. 1沈阳农业大学园艺学院/北方园艺设施设计与应用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心/设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室/辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,沈阳 110866
    2北票市蔬菜站/北票市东关营农业技术推广站,辽宁北票 122199
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-03 修回日期:2022-04-01 出版日期:2022-10-25 发布日期:2022-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 孙周平
  • 作者简介:唐佳宁,男,1995年出生,辽宁兴城人,研究生,研究方向为设施蔬菜栽培与生理。通信地址：110000 辽宁省沈阳市沈河区东陵街道 沈阳农业大学,E-mail： 1599319277@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2020YFD100300);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-23);辽宁省教育厅科研项目(LXZX202004)

Effects of East and West Ridge Cluster Cultivation on the Growth of Autumn and Winter Tomato and the Temperature and Light Environment in Solar Greenhouse

TANG Jianing1(), CHEN Qifeng1, YU Chaoge1, FU Hongdan1, LIU Changchun2, ZHENG Shurong2, SONG Weili2, SUN Zhouping1()   

  1. 1College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University/National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture/Liaoning Key Laboratory of Horticulture, Shenyang 110866
    2Beipiao Vegetable Station/Beipiao City Dongguanying Agricultural Technology Promotion Station, Beipiao, Liaoning 122199
  • Received:2021-12-03 Revised:2022-04-01 Online:2022-10-25 Published:2022-10-27
  • Contact: SUN Zhouping

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摘要：

为解决东西垄向栽培的遮光问题,在辽宁北票地区以南北栽培为对照,研究东西大垄丛栽、大垄双行、大垄单行栽培方式对番茄生长、冠层环境、产量品质的影响。结果表明：4种栽培方式的株高、茎粗、地上部干物质积累量均无显著差异。环境方面,大垄丛栽的冠层光环境最佳,其中大垄丛栽的群体水平方向透光性最好,垄间的辐射量要优于大垄双行和大垄单行。大垄丛栽的冠层空气温度和土壤温度高于南北栽培,冠层空气相对湿度低于南北栽培。大垄丛栽的产量达到了47577 kg/hm2,显著高于其他3种栽培方式;相同栽培密度条件下,大垄丛栽的单产比南北栽培高了12.93%。品质方面,4种栽培方式的可溶性糖、有机酸、糖酸比、维生素C的含量均无显著性差异。综上所述,大垄丛栽的栽培方式在光环境、产量和品质等方面都优于传统栽培方式。由此可见,行距95 cm的东西大垄丛栽的栽培方式可以在高纬度地区进行推广。

关键词: 日光温室, 番茄, 东西垄向, 栽培方式, 产量

Abstract:

In order to solve the shading problem of east and west ridge cultivation in solar greenhouse in Beipiao of Liaoning, the effects of east and west large ridge cluster cultivation, large ridge double row cultivation and large ridge single row cultivation on tomato growth, canopy environment, yield and quality were studied. The north and south ridge cultivation was taken as the control. The results showed that there was no significant difference in plant height, stem diameter and aboveground dry matter accumulation among the four cultivation methods. In terms of environment, the large ridge cluster cultivation had the best canopy light environment and the horizontal light transmittance, and the radiation quantity between ridges was better than that of large ridge double row cultivation and large ridge single row cultivation. The canopy air temperature and soil temperature of the large ridge cluster cultivation were higher than those in north and south ridge cultivation and the canopy air relative humidity was lower. The yield of large ridge cluster cultivation was 47577 kg/hm2, which was significantly higher than that of the other three cultivation methods. Under the same planting density, the per unit area yield of the large ridge cluster cultivation was 12.93% higher than that under north and south ridge cultivation. In terms of quality, there was no significant difference of the sugar-acid ratio and the content of soluble sugar, organic acid and vitamin C among the four cultivation methods. In conclusion, the large ridge cluster cultivation is superior to traditional cultivation in light environment, and yield and quality of tomato, and the east and west large ridge cluster cultivation with 95 cm row spacing can be popularized in high latitude areas.

Key words: solar greenhouse, tomato, east and west ridge direction, cultivation method, yield

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