欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (20): 89-96.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0088

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

2001—2020年藏东南苹果物候期变化特征分析

白宇轩1(), 杜军2,3(), 王挺3, 索朗旺堆2   

  1. 1西藏自治区林芝市气象局,西藏林芝860000
    2西藏高原大气环境科学研究所,西藏拉萨 850001
    3中国气象局墨脱大气水分循环综合观测野外科学试验基地,西藏林芝 860700
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-10 修回日期:2022-04-28 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 杜军
  • 作者简介:白宇轩,男,1995年出生,重庆江津人,助理工程师,本科,主要从事天气预报和气象服务。通信地址：860000 西藏自治区林芝市巴宜区八一镇广州大道南段16号 林芝市气象局,Tel：0894-5824489,E-mail： mixblanx@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目“西风-季风协同作用及其环境效应”(2019QZKK0106);2020年西藏自治区科技重点研发计划“气候变化背景下西藏高原季节划分及农业气候资源时空变化特征研究”(XZ202001ZY0023N)

Phenological Change Characteristics of Malus pumila in Southeastern Tibet from 2001 to 2020

BAI Yuxuan1(), DU Jun2,3(), WANG Ting3, SONAM Wangdoi2   

  1. 1Nyingchi Meteorological Service of Tibet, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000
    2Tibet Institute of Plateau Atmospheric and Environmental Science Research, Lhasa 850001
    3Field Science Experiment Base for Comprehensive Observation of Atmospheric Water Cycle in Mêdog County, CMA, Nyingchi, Tibet 860700
  • Received:2022-02-10 Revised:2022-04-28 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2022-08-23
  • Contact: DU Jun

RichHTML

2

PDF (PC)

31

摘要：

开展气候变化对苹果物候期的影响研究,可为应对气候变化和指导当地苹果生产提供科学依据。利用2001—2020年林芝苹果物候期和逐日平均气温(Tm)、最高气温(Tmax)、最低气温(Tmin)、相对湿度(RH)、降水量(Pr)和日照时数(S)等资料,采用线性倾向估计法、Pearson相关系数和优势分析方法等,分析了苹果物候期及生长期长度的变化趋势,以及影响的主导气候因子。结果表明：2001—2020年藏东南苹果各物候期均呈推迟趋势,为2.11~10.20 d/10 a,以开花始期推迟的最多;春季物候期较秋季物候期推迟的明显。果实生长发育期和果树生长季分别以8.10、1.59 d/10 a的速率缩短,这与中国苹果主产地延长趋势不同。果树生长季内,只有Pr、RH、S呈下降趋势,其他气候要素趋于上升。其中,可采成熟期之前Tm、Tmax、Tmin、Pr趋于增加,之后呈下降趋势。影响物候期长度的主导气候因子,除叶变色末期—落叶末期是S外,其他物候期为∑T0。研究区3月上旬Tmax每升高1℃,开花始期提前3.29天;8月下旬Tm平均升高1℃,可采成熟期推迟3.15天。

关键词: 苹果, 物候期, 气候变化, 积温, 影响因子, 藏东南

Abstract:

To analyze the impact of climate change on the Malus pumila phenophase in Nyingchi of southeastern Tibet Autonomous Region could provide a theoretical basis for coping with climate change and local apple production. Based on data of the daily mean temperature (Tm), maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), precipitation (Pr), relative humidity (RH) and sunshine duration (S) in Nyingchi from 2001 to 2020, we adopted linear regression method, Pearson correlation coefficient and dominance analysis method to reveal the changing trend of phenophase and growing duration of Malus pumila, and the leading climatic factors. The results showed that the Malus pumila phenological periods were postponed at a rate of 2.11-10.20 d/10a in southeastern Tibet from 2001 to 2020, and the largest delay was found in the first flowering date. The phenological periods in spring were delayed significantly than those in autumn. The fruit growth and development period and the apple tree growing season were shortened by 8.10 and 1.59 d/10 a, respectively, which were different from the prolonging trend in the main apple producing areas in China. During apple tree growing season, Pr, RH and S decreased, while the other climatic factors increased. Tm, Tmax, Tmin and Pr showed an increasing trend before fruit maturing period, and then decreased. The leading factor affecting the length of Malus pumila phenophase was ∑T0 (accumulated temperature ≥0℃), except from the late leaf coloring period to the late leaf falling period, during which, the leading factor was S. On average, for every 1℃ increase of Tmax in early March, the first flowering date could be 3.29 days earlier, and for every 1℃ increase of Tm in late August, the fruit maturing period could be 3.15 days later.

Key words: Malus pumila, phenophase, climatic change, accumulated temperature, influencing factor, southeastern Tibet

中图分类号: