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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 76-82.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0112

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河滩区（河南段）土壤营养状况分析

张嘉嘉1(), 张悦1, 李华威1, 李慧2()   

  1. 1中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所/经济林种质创新与利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室，郑州 450003
    2中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所，北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-23 修回日期:2022-04-07 出版日期:2023-02-05 发布日期:2023-01-31
  • 通讯作者: 李慧，女，1990年出生，河南郑州人，工程师，硕士，主要从事经济林栽培育种研究。通信地址：100091 北京海淀区东小区1号 中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所，E-mail：lihui09610@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    张嘉嘉，男，1987年出生，河南内黄人，工程师，硕士，研究方向：经济林栽培与育种。通信地址：450003 河南省郑州市金水区纬五路3号 中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所，Tel：0371-86139031，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金“黄河滩区农田转经济林地的生态补偿标准研究:以河南段为例”(CAFYBB2020MC005); 中国林科院基金重点项目“黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展林草政策研究”(CAFYBB2021ZB003); 国家重点研发计划项目“特色经济林优质轻简高效栽培技术集成与示范”(2020YFD10007)

Analysis of Soil Nutrient Status in Yellow River Floodplain of Henan Province

ZHANG Jiajia1(), ZHANG Yue1, LI Huawei1, LI Hui2()   

  1. 1Research Institute of Non-timber Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry/ Key Laboratory of Non-timber Forest Germplasm Enhancement & Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Zhengzhou 450003
    2Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091
  • Received:2022-02-23 Revised:2022-04-07 Online:2023-02-05 Published:2023-01-31

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摘要：

探明黄河滩区土壤营养状况，以期为黄河滩区经济林的适种性及合理的施肥措施提供参考依据。以河南原阳县滩区土壤为研究对象，测定土壤中大量速效养分氮磷钾，中微量元素交换性钙、交换性镁、有效硫、有效锌、有效铜、有效铁、有效锰、有效硼，及pH、有机质和土壤阳离子交换量含量，分析其土壤质地类型及土壤养分间的相关性。结果表明，黄河滩区土壤质地类型可以分为砂土、壤砂土、砂壤土、壤土、粉壤土和粉土6种；土壤平均pH 8.43，属碱性土壤；土壤有机质、土壤阳离子交换量和大量速效养分氮磷钾含量整体上较缺乏；除有效硼外，其他中微量营养元素含量均较为丰富；相关性分析表明，大多数营养元素间存在显著的相关性，且有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾、交换性镁、有效铜、有效铁、有效锰、有效硼、CEC与pH均呈负相关关系，交换性钙、有效硫、有效锌与其他营养成分间相关性较低。黄河滩区（河南段）非常适宜种植经济林，在栽培管理中，应注重增施有机肥，合理搭配有机肥和无机肥的比例；同时通过叶面喷施方式适量补充硼肥，从而达到提质增效的目的。

关键词: 黄河滩区, 河南段, 土壤质地, 土壤营养状况, 经济林

Abstract:

The study aims to achieve the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin, clarify the soil nutrient status of the Yellow River floodplain in Henan Province, and develop a reasonable fertilization scheme for planting suitable non-timber forests in this region. The soil samples were collected in the Yellow River floodplain of Yuanyang County, Henan Province. The contents of abundant available nutrient N, P and K, medium trace element exchangeable Ca and Mg, available S, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and B, and organic matter, as well as pH and CEC (cation exchange capacity) were determined, and the correlations between soil nutrients and soil texture types were analyzed. The results showed that soil texture types in the Yellow River floodplain of Henan Province were divided into sandy soil, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam and silt soil. The average pH value of the soil was 8.43, so the soil was alkaline. The contents of soil organic matter and abundant available nutrient N, P and K, and CEC were deficient. Except available boron, the contents of other medium trace elements were abundant. The correlation analysis showed that most of the nutrient elements were significantly correlated, and the organic matter, CEC, total N, available P and K, exchangeable Mg, available Cu, Fe, Mn and B were negatively correlated with pH, and the exchangeable Ca, and available S and Zn were less correlated with other elements. The Yellow River floodplain of Henan Province is very suitable for non-timber forests. In the process of cultivation management of non-timber forests in this region, it is necessary to pay attention to increase the application of organic fertilizer, rationalize the ratio of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and at the same time, add proper amount of B fertilizer by foliar spraying, to achieve the purpose of improving quality and efficiency.

Key words: Yellow River floodplain, Henan Province, soil texture, soil nutrient status, non-timber forest