腐殖质参与植物非生物胁迫应答作用机制的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0324

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究天然异构高分子有机化合物腐殖质(HS)参与植物非生物胁迫应答的作用机制，总结归纳了以下主要作用机制，包括HS介导(PM)H⁺-ATPase的调节、HS介导细胞信号分子的互作、HS吸附层的屏蔽、HS化学官能团的螯合作用，以及HS对植物次生代谢和根际微生物群落的影响等，得出HS通过多种复杂的防御代谢机制参与调节植物非生物胁迫应答。鉴于HS生物化学研究的复杂性，以及生理活性和防御代谢机制研究中存在的诸多问题，未来的科学研究应主要集中在HS化学组成和分子结构的解析，HS“胶体应激”如何参与新陈代谢调节，HS促生和防御代谢途径交叉串扰和反馈调节机制，以及HS和土壤微生物相互作用机制等。

关键词: 腐殖质, 非生物胁迫, H⁺-ATPase, 信号分子, 吸附层, 官能团, 植物次生代谢, 根际微生物群落

Abstract:

In order to study the mechanism of humic substances (HS), a natural isomeric polymer organic compound, participating in plant abiotic stress response, this study summarized the following main mechanisms, including the HS mediated regulation of (PM) H⁺-ATPase, the HS mediated interaction of cell signal molecules, the shielding of HS adsorption layer, the chelation of HS chemical functional groups, and the impacts of HS on plant secondary metabolism and rhizosphere microbial community. It is concluded that HS participates in the regulation of abiotic stress response through a variety of complex defense metabolic mechanisms. Given the complexity of HS biochemistry, as well as many problems in the research of physiological activity and defense metabolism mechanism, future scientific research should mainly focus on the analysis of chemical composition and molecular structure of HS, how HS “colloidal stress” participates in metabolic regulation, the cross interference and feedback regulation mechanism of HS promoting and defense metabolism pathways, and the interaction mechanism between HS and soil microorganisms.

Key words: humic substances, abiotic stress, H⁺-ATPase, signal molecules, adsorption layer, functional groups, plant secondary metabolism, rhizosphere microbial community

宋鸽, 石峰. 腐殖质参与植物非生物胁迫应答作用机制的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2023, 39(15): 59-68.

SONG Ge, SHI Feng. Humic Substances Involved in Plant Abiotic Stress Response: A Review on the Mechanism[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(15): 59-68.

图/表 3

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非生物胁迫	供试植物		HS	生物活性物质的产生	抗氧化活性	参考文献
盐胁迫	辣木		HS	光合色素，脯氨酸，可溶性糖，抗坏血酸，谷胱甘肽等	CAT, POX	[60]
	扁桃		HA	可溶性蛋白	CAT, POX	[61]
	菜豆		HA	脯氨酸，可溶性糖，抗坏血酸	CAT, SOD,GPOX	[62]
	番茄		堆肥	可溶性糖	-	[63]
	泡叶藻		HS	脯氨酸	SOD, CAT, POX	[64]
	玉米		HA	脯氨酸	SOD, POD, CAT	[65]
	大豆		FA	MDA，H₂O₂	SOD, APX, GST	[66]
	海岛棉		HA	脯氨酸，游离糖	-	[67]
重金属胁迫	巴西胡椒木		HS/Fe	脯氨酸	CAT, SOD, POX	[68]
	菜豆		HA/Pb	脯氨酸	CAT, SOD, POX	[69]
	玉米		HA/Cd 堆肥	脯氨酸	SOD, CAT	[70]
	豌豆		HA/Cd	-	POX	[71]
	小黑麦		HA/Cu, Cd	脯氨酸	SOD, CAT, GPOX, GST	[72]
	茶		HA/Pb	MAD	-	[73]
	小麦		FA/Cr	总叶绿素，类胡萝卜素，可溶性蛋白	CAT, 抗坏血酸	[74]
干旱胁迫		茶树	FA	抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽、类黄酮	-	[36]
		甘蔗.	HA	碳水化合物，蛋白质，芳族化合物	CAT, POX, SOD	[75]
		秋葵	HA	脯氨酸，维生素c	CAT, POX	[76]
		油菜	FA	脯氨酸	CAT, POX, APX	[77]
		玉米	HA	可溶性糖、甜菜碱和脯氨酸	-	[78]
		水稻	HA	脯氨酸	POX	[79]
		油菜	HA	叶绿素a	-	[80]
		哈密瓜	HA	叶绿素	SOD, CAT, GR	[81]

非生物胁迫	供试植物		HS	生物活性物质的产生	抗氧化活性	参考文献
盐胁迫	辣木		HS	光合色素，脯氨酸，可溶性糖，抗坏血酸，谷胱甘肽等	CAT, POX	[60]
	扁桃		HA	可溶性蛋白	CAT, POX	[61]
	菜豆		HA	脯氨酸，可溶性糖，抗坏血酸	CAT, SOD,GPOX	[62]
	番茄		堆肥	可溶性糖	-	[63]
	泡叶藻		HS	脯氨酸	SOD, CAT, POX	[64]
	玉米		HA	脯氨酸	SOD, POD, CAT	[65]
	大豆		FA	MDA，H₂O₂	SOD, APX, GST	[66]
	海岛棉		HA	脯氨酸，游离糖	-	[67]
重金属胁迫	巴西胡椒木		HS/Fe	脯氨酸	CAT, SOD, POX	[68]
	菜豆		HA/Pb	脯氨酸	CAT, SOD, POX	[69]
	玉米		HA/Cd 堆肥	脯氨酸	SOD, CAT	[70]
	豌豆		HA/Cd	-	POX	[71]
	小黑麦		HA/Cu, Cd	脯氨酸	SOD, CAT, GPOX, GST	[72]
	茶		HA/Pb	MAD	-	[73]
	小麦		FA/Cr	总叶绿素，类胡萝卜素，可溶性蛋白	CAT, 抗坏血酸	[74]
干旱胁迫		茶树	FA	抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽、类黄酮	-	[36]
		甘蔗.	HA	碳水化合物，蛋白质，芳族化合物	CAT, POX, SOD	[75]
		秋葵	HA	脯氨酸，维生素c	CAT, POX	[76]
		油菜	FA	脯氨酸	CAT, POX, APX	[77]
		玉米	HA	可溶性糖、甜菜碱和脯氨酸	-	[78]
		水稻	HA	脯氨酸	POX	[79]
		油菜	HA	叶绿素a	-	[80]
		哈密瓜	HA	叶绿素	SOD, CAT, GR	[81]