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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 37-42.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0370

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

农业土壤碳汇研究进展

苑明睿1(), 杨峰山2, 蔡柏岩2, 付海燕2, 刘春光1()   

  1. 1 黑龙江大学生命科学学院/农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心/黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室/黑龙江省普通高校微生物重点实验室，哈尔滨 150080
    2 黑龙江大学生命科学学院/农业微生物技术教育部工程研究中心/黑龙江省寒地生态修复与资源利用重点实验室/黑龙江省普通高校分子生物学重点实验室，哈尔滨 150080
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-04 修回日期:2022-08-12 出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 刘春光，女，1982年出生，黑龙江哈尔滨人，高级实验师，博士研究生，主要从事长残效除草剂的微生物降解与土壤修复方面的研究。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号，Tel：0451-86608586，E-mail：2005013@hlju.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:

    苑明睿，女，1999年出生，黑龙江密山人，硕士研究生，主要从事长残效除草剂的微生物降解与土壤修复方面的研究。通信地址：150080 黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区学府路74号，Tel：0451-86608586，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目“粘质沙雷氏菌FLB1原卟啉途径参与氯氟吡啶酯降解的分子机理”(LH2022C074)

Research Progress of Agricultural Soil Carbon Sink

YUAN Mingrui1(), YANG Fengshan2, CAI Baiyan2, FU Haiyan2, LIU Chunguang1()   

  1. 1 Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education &Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region &Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences,Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
    2 Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region &Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, College of Heilongjiang Province &School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2022-05-04 Revised:2022-08-12 Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-03-14

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摘要：

土壤碳库在陆地生态系统碳库中占比达到90%以上，是植被碳库的3~4倍、大气碳库的2~3倍。为了充分发掘土壤碳库巨大的减排增汇效益，实现中国2060年前碳中和的目标，对农业土壤碳汇进行了综述。在土壤碳库中，农业土壤碳汇具有极大减排潜力和减排成本优势，是应对气候变化的重要途径。虽然土壤碳汇潜力十分可观，但目前土壤碳汇研究仍然滞缓，目前农业土壤碳汇研究主要面临研究缺乏全面性且碳排放计算指标单一、对土壤碳汇研究内容没有与时俱进和空间差异分析方法无法揭示差异来源三重挑战。为了挖掘土壤碳库巨大的减排增汇效益，从4个方面对农业土壤碳汇进行了综述，具体表现为：从农业土壤对碳达峰、碳中和的影响方面对农业土壤碳汇进行概述；从农业土壤碳排放及其成因、农业土壤碳排放的区域差异及动态演变、农业土壤碳汇及其减排3个方面对农业土壤碳排放和减碳措施进行梳理；对农业土壤碳汇研究方向与策略提供相关建议；并对农业土壤碳汇进行了展望。这将为减少农业土壤碳排放，建立健全绿色低碳循环发展体系提供理论依据。

关键词: 农业土壤, 碳汇, 碳排放, 碳达峰, 碳中和

Abstract:

The soil carbon pool accounts for more than 90% of the terrestrial ecosystem carbon pool, and the carbon content of the soil carbon pool is 3-4 times that of the vegetation carbon pool and 2-3 times that of the atmospheric carbon pool. To fully explore the huge benefits of reducing carbon emission and increasing carbon sink of soil carbon pool and realize the goal of carbon neutrality before 2060, this paper summarized research progress of agricultural soil carbon sink. In soil carbon pool, agricultural soil carbon sink has great emission reduction potential and emission reduction cost advantages, and is an important way to deal with climate change. Although the potential of soil carbon sink is considerable, current research on soil carbon sink is still sluggish. At present, the research on agricultural soil carbon sink is faced with three main challenges: lack of comprehensive viewpoint and with insufficient carbon emission calculation indexes; the research content cannot keep pace with the time; and the spatial variation analysis cannot reveal the source difference of soil carbon sink. In order to exploit the huge emission reduction and sink benefits of soil carbon pool, this paper provides an overview of agricultural soil carbon sink from four perspectives, specifically: an overview of agricultural soil carbon sink in terms of its impact on peaking carbon emissions and realizing carbon neutrality; a review of agricultural soil carbon emission and carbon reduction measures from three aspects of agricultural soil carbon emission and its causes, regional differences and dynamics of agricultural soil carbon emission, and agricultural soil carbon sink and its reduction effect; suggestions for research directions and strategies of agricultural soil carbon sink; and an outlook on agricultural soil carbon sink. This study will provide a theoretical basis for reducing carbon emissions from agricultural soils and for establishing a sound and green low carbon cycle development system.

Key words: agricultural soil, carbon sink, carbon emission, peaking carbon emissions, carbon neutrality