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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (21): 94-102.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0637

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

地块尺度下青海省都兰县耕地土壤养分的空间自相关分析

杜健1(), 潘雪1, 武均1,2, 蔡立群1,2,3()   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院，兰州 730070
    2 甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室，兰州 730070
    3 甘肃省节水农业工程技术研究中心，兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-26 修回日期:2022-10-13 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-07-24
  • 通讯作者: 蔡立群，男，1976年出生，甘肃金昌人，教授，博士，主要从事恢复生态学、耕作学方面的教学与研究。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区甘肃农业大学，Tel：13679435556，E-mail：cailq@gsau.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:

    杜健，男，1996年出生，山西大同人，在读硕士研究生，研究方向：耕地质量评价。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区甘肃农业大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    都兰县耕地质量等级评价项目“都兰县耕地质量等级评价”(2021-GLGP)

Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis of Soil Nutrients of Cropland at Land Parcel Scale in Dulan County of Qinghai Province

DU Jian1(), PAN Xue1, WU Jun1,2, CAI Liqun1,2,3()   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
    2 Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070
    3 Gansu Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-saving, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2022-07-26 Revised:2022-10-13 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-07-24

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摘要：

对青海省都兰县耕地土壤pH和6种养分指标（有机质、有效磷、速效钾、全氮、全磷、全钾）进行空间自相关分析，并进一步分析其空间聚集和孤立情况。以此研究结果为理论依据，以期提高都兰县农田土壤肥料利用率，实现精准农业奠定基础。经野外采样后依据NY/T 1121等现行有效标准开展土壤样品检测工作。将全域型空间自相关和局域型空间自相关相结合，分析研究区耕地土壤各指标的空间分布格局，及空间聚集情况。结果表明：研究区耕地土壤pH、有机质、有效磷、速效钾、全氮、全磷、全钾的平均值分别为8.12、17.90 g/kg、19.00 mg/kg、123.00 mg/kg、0.80 g/kg、0.80 g/kg、17.85 g/kg。全域型空间自相关在Inverse_Distance权重下，pH、有机质、全磷、全钾为空间正自相关；速效磷、速效钾和全氮为空间负自相关。Contiguity_Edges_Only和Contiguity_Edges_Coeners权重下的分析结果相同，pH、有机质、速效钾、全氮、全磷、全钾呈空间正自相关；速效磷呈空间负自相关。局域型空间自相关通过LISA聚集图，直观地得到研究区耕地土壤不同指标含量分布的聚集区和孤立区的具体位置。海拔高度与速效磷、速效钾、全氮、全磷和全钾呈负相关；坡度与速效磷、全氮和全磷呈负相关；坡向对研究区耕地土壤养分空间格局影响相对较小。全域型空间自相关分析选择不同的空间权重，对分析结果的影响较大。经局域型空间自相关分析，全氮、全磷和全钾的低含量区分布在都兰县东部的察乌苏镇和夏日哈镇，即出现了“低—低”聚集区，“高—高”聚集区出现在都兰县中部的巴隆乡和香日德镇；有机质在都兰县东部的察乌苏镇和夏日哈镇的含量较高，出现了“高—高”聚集区，“低—低”聚集区出现在宗加镇。不同地形因子与土壤养分之间的相关性存在明显的差异。

关键词: 耕作层, 空间自相关, 土壤养分含量, 地块尺度, 都兰县

Abstract:

The spatial autocorrelation analysis of soil pH and six nutrient indexes (organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium) in Dulan County of Qinghai Province was conducted, and their spatial aggregation and isolation were further analyzed. Based on the results of this study, we hope to improve the utilization rate of farmland soil and fertilizer in Dulan County and lay a foundation for precision agriculture. After field sampling, soil samples were tested according to existing effective standards such as NY/T 1121. The spatial distribution pattern and spatial aggregation of cropland soil indexes in the study area were analyzed by combining global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation. The results showed that the average values of soil pH, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were 8.12, 17.90 g/kg, 19.00 mg/kg, 123.00 mg/kg, 0.80 g/kg, 0.80 g/kg and 17.85 g/kg, respectively. Global spatial autocorrelation under the Inverse_Distance weight, pH, organic matter, total phosphorus and total potassium showed positive spatial autocorrelation. Available phosphorus, available potassium and total nitrogen showed negative spatial autocorrelation. The results were the same in Contiguity_Edges_Only and Contiguity_Edges_Coeners weights. There were positive spatial autocorrelation between pH, organic matter, available potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium. The available phosphorus showed negative spatial autocorrelation. Local spatial autocorrelation could intuitively obtain the specific locations of aggregation areas and isolated areas of soil content distribution of different indicators of cropland in the study area through LISA aggregation map. Altitude was negatively correlated with available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium. Slope was negatively correlated with available phosphorus, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The effect of slope aspect on the spatial pattern of soil nutrients was relatively small in the study area. In global spatial autocorrelation analysis, different spatial weights had great influence on the analysis results. According to the local spatial autocorrelation analysis, the low-content areas of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were distributed in Chawusu Town and Xiariha Town in the eastern part of Dulan County, namely, “low-low” aggregation areas, and “high-high” aggregation areas were found in Balong Township and Xiangride Town in the central part of Dulan County. In the eastern part of Dulan County, the content of organic matter was relatively high in the towns of Chawusu and Xiariha, showing the “high-high” aggregation areas, and the “low-low” aggregation area appeared in the town of Zongjia. There were significant differences in the correlation between different topographic factors and soil nutrients.

Key words: plough layer, spatial autocorrelation, soil nutrient content, land parcel scale, Dulan County