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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (36): 40-47.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0967

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

间作玉米-大豆青贮适收期探索及大豆农艺性状关联分析

安建刚(), 张晓, 梁建秋, 杨文英, 曾召琼, 于晓波, 王嘉, 冯军, 张明荣(), 吴海英()   

  1. 南充市农业科学院,四川南充 637000
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-23 修回日期:2023-03-15 出版日期:2023-12-25 发布日期:2023-12-20
  • 通讯作者:
    张明荣,男,1964年出生,四川南充人,研究员,本科,主要从事大豆遗传育种与栽培研究。通信地址:637000 四川省南充市顺庆区农科巷137号,Tel:0817-2800531,E-mail:
    吴海英,女,1972年出生,四川南充人,研究员,本科,主要从事大豆遗传育种与栽培研究。通信地址:637000 四川省南充市顺庆区农科巷137号,Tel:0817-2800531,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    安建刚,男,1990年出生,甘肃天水人,助理研究员,硕士,主要从事饲草大豆遗传育种与大豆高产栽培研究。通信地址:637000 四川省南充市顺庆区农科巷137号,Tel:0817-2800531,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    农业农村部“国家大豆产业技术体系”(CARS-04-CES25); 四川省科技厅“四川省大豆育种攻关”(2021YFYZ0018); 四川省科技厅“四川豆类杂粮创新团队”(SCCXTD-2022-20); 南充市科技局“基于玉米大豆间作种植混合青贮的大豆种质发掘与创制”(22JCYJPT0001); 南充市农业科学院青年基金“玉豆复合青贮的饲草大豆种质发掘与创制”(2022NQJ03)

Corn-soybean Intercropping Silage: Exploration of Suitable Harvesting Period and Correlation Analysis of Soybean Agronomic Traits

AN Jiangang(), ZHANG Xiao, LIANG Jianqiu, YANG Wenying, ZENG Zhaoqiong, YU Xiaobo, WANG Jia, FENG Jun, ZHANG Mingrong(), WU Haiying()   

  1. Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000
  • Received:2022-11-23 Revised:2023-03-15 Published-:2023-12-25 Online:2023-12-20

摘要:

为了指导春播玉米大豆间作混合青贮生产及配套大豆品种筛选,以玉米‘正红6号’与17个大豆品种为试材,通过间隔一定共生期观测玉豆混合饲草产量和含水量变化以确定青贮适收期;用灰色关联分析法探讨大豆8个指标与干草产量的相关性及综合评价大豆品种性能。发现玉米大豆间作共生期103 d时,所有玉豆组合的混合干草产量均达峰值且含水量降至70%以下;与大豆干草产量关联度较大的前3个性状依次为株高(0.761)、生殖生长期(0.752)、全生育期(0.734),综合评价值前3的品种依次为‘南春豆50’(0.820)、‘齐黄34’(0.807)和‘华春6号’(0.741)。以混合青贮为目的的春播玉米大豆间作,宜选择植株高、晚熟型大豆品种,尤其是生殖生长期长的大豆品种更具优势,本区域下玉豆共生期103 d时混合收割青贮,饲草产量最高。

关键词: 玉米-大豆间作, 青贮适收期, 大豆农艺性状, 品种评价, 灰色关联分析

Abstract:

In order to guide the production of mixed silage of corn and soybean intercropping and select suitable soybean varieties, 17 soybean varieties were tested with corn variety ‘Zheng hong 6’ by observing the changes in yield and moisture content of mixed silage during a certain symbiotic period to determine the appropriate harvest time. Grey correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between 8 indicators of soybean and hay yield, as well as to comprehensively evaluate the performance of soybean varieties. It was found that when the symbiotic period between corn and soybean was 103 days, the mixed hay yield of all corn-soybean combinations reached its peak and the moisture content decreased to below 70%. The top 3 traits that were highly correlated with soybean hay yield were plant height (0.761), reproductive growth period (0.752), and full growth period (0.734), and the top 3 varieties in comprehensive evaluation were ‘Nan chun dou 50’ (0.820), ‘Qi huang 34’ (0.807), and ‘Hua chun 6’ (0.741). For the purpose of mixed silage production, it is advisable to choose tall and late-maturing soybean varieties, especially those with a longer reproductive growth period. The highest hay yield can be obtained by harvesting the mixed silage at a symbiotic period of 103 days in this region.

Key words: corn-soybean intercropping, suitable harvesting period for silage, agronomic traits of soybean, variety evaluation, grey correlation analysis