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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 97-104.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0164

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘肃省张掖市玉米黑髓病病原的分离与鉴定

祁娜1(), 许永锋2, 王爱文3, 何树文2, 杨成德1()   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院，甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室，兰州 730070
    2 甘肃省张掖市植保植检站，甘肃张掖 734000
    3 张掖市农科院，甘肃张掖 734000
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-28 修回日期:2023-05-31 出版日期:2024-02-01 发布日期:2024-02-01
  • 通讯作者:
    杨成德，男，教授，主要从事植物病理学方面的研究。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区营门村1号 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院， E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    祁娜，女，硕士研究生，主要从事植物病理学方面的研究。通信地址：730070 甘肃省兰州市安宁区营门村1号 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    玉米黑髓病综合防治技术研究(GSAU-JSYF-2021-018)

Isolation and Identification of Maize Melasma Pathogens in Zhangye of Gansu Province

QI Na1(), XU Yongfeng2, WANG Aiwen3, HE Shuwen2, YANG Chengde1()   

  1. 1 College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/ Laboratory of Biocontrol Engineering of Crop Diseases and Pests in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070
    2 Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Zhangye, Zhangye, Gansu 734000
    3 Zhangye Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangye, Gansu 734000
  • Received:2023-02-28 Revised:2023-05-31 Published-:2024-02-01 Online:2024-02-01

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摘要：

为明确引起甘肃省张掖市玉米黑髓病的病原菌种类，于2021年9月，在甘肃省张掖市采集具有典型病害症状标本，利用组织分离法进行分离纯化，并通过柯赫氏法则验证致病性；利用形态学特征和分子生物学方法进行鉴定。结果表明，于病样中共获得39株分离物，能引起与田间症状相一致的病原菌30株，表现症状为根茎腐烂型、根腐型和茎腐型3类。根据形态特征将30株病原物均鉴定为镰孢霉属真菌，结合分子生物学方法将30个致病镰孢霉菌分别鉴定为拟轮枝镰刀菌(Fusarium verticillioides)、尖孢镰刀菌(F.oxysporum)、层出镰刀菌(F.proliferatum)、茄病镰刀菌(F.solani)、变红镰刀菌(F.incarnatum)和柔毛镰刀菌(F.flocciferum)，其分离频率依次为50.00%、20.00%、16.67%、6.67%、3.33%和3.33%，其中拟轮枝镰刀菌为张掖市玉米黑髓病的优势致病菌，首次报道柔毛镰刀菌可以侵染玉米。该研究结果为玉米黑髓病的诊断和防治提供了依据。

关键词: 玉米, 黑髓病, 镰刀菌, 分离, 鉴定

Abstract:

In order to identify the pathogenic fungi that caused maize melasma in Zhangye, Gansu Province, specimens with typical disease symptoms were collected in Zhangye City in September 2021,, tissue separation was used for isolation and purification, and the pathogenicity was verified by Koch's rule. Identification was performed by using morphological characteristics and molecular biology methods. The results showed that 39 isolates were obtained from diseased samples, of which 30 isolates caused disease symptoms similar to those observed in the field, the symptoms were rhizome rot, root rot and stem rot. According to the morphological characteristics, all 30 pathogens were identified as Fusariumspp. Fungi. Combined with molecular biology methods, 30 pathogenic Fusarium fungi were identified as Fusarium verticillioides, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. incarnatum and F. flocciferum, with the isolation frequencies of 50.00%、20.00%、16.67%、6.67%、3.33% and 3.33%, respectively. Among them, F. verticillioidesis was the dominant pathogen of maize melasma in Zhangye City, and F. flocciferum was first reported to infect maize. The results of this study provide a basis for the diagnosis and prevention of maize melasma.

Key words: maize, melasma, Fusarium, isolation, identification