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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (20): 20-26.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0679

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同水分胁迫下三交油菜与亲本苗期长势及生理特性差异研究

彭多姿(), 戴悦, 张琪, 陈浩, 杨柳(), 张振乾()   

  1. 湖南农业大学农学院，长沙 410128
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-20 修回日期:2023-12-07 出版日期:2024-07-15 发布日期:2024-07-11
  • 通讯作者:
    杨柳，女，1982年出生，湖南湘阴人，农艺师，主要从事油菜育种方面的研究。通信地址：410128 湖南省长沙市湖南农业大学12教420， E-mail：；
    张振乾，男，1977年出生，河南南阳人，副教授，博士，主要从事油菜育种方面的研究。通信地址：410128 湖南省长沙市湖南农业大学12教433，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    彭多姿，女，1997年出生，湖南浏阳人，硕士研究生，主要从事油菜育种研究。通信地址：410108 湖南省长沙市湖南农业大学12教， E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    湖南省重点研发计划“稻油轮作高产高效栽培关键技术研究与示范”(2021NK2004); 湖南省教育厅科学研究项目-优秀青年项目(20B291); 湖南省重点研发计划“南方油菜渍害综合防控技术研究与示范”(2023NK2012)

Study on Difference of Seedling Growth and Physiological Characteristics Between Three-way Cross Rapeseed and Its Parents Under Different Water Stress

PENG Duozi(), DAI Yue, ZHANG Qi, CHEN Hao, YANG Liu(), ZHANG Zhenqian()   

  1. College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128
  • Received:2023-09-20 Revised:2023-12-07 Published:2024-07-15 Online:2024-07-11

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摘要：

通过盆栽试验，研究了不同水分条件下（正常水分、轻度渍水、中度渍水、中度干旱和重度干旱）对三交油菜‘159-6×沣油520’及其亲本‘沣油520’(20A×C3R)和‘159-6’的生长及生理特性的影响。结果显示，在正常水分条件下，与杂种亲本和自交系亲本相比，三交油菜的鲜重较高，CAT活性也高于自交系亲本。然而，其干重、叶绿素含量、SOD和POD活性均低于双亲，这些差异达到了极显著水平(p<0.01)。在经历不同程度的渍水和干旱胁迫处理后，三交油菜的叶绿素含量均高于对照以及双亲，且差异显著(p<0.05)。值得注意的是，在轻度渍水和重度干旱胁迫下，三交油菜的干重分别比杂种亲本高80%和20%，比自交系亲本高200%和100%，这些差异均达到极显著水平(p<0.001)。此外，在轻度渍水和中度干旱胁迫下的SOD活性，以及在中度干旱和重度干旱胁迫下的POD活性，三交油菜都表现出比杂种亲本和自交系亲本更高的活性，这些差异同样达到了极显著水平(p<0.001)。在重度干旱胁迫下，三交油菜的可溶性糖含量比杂种亲本高46.9%，差异显著(p<0.05)。综上所述，三交油菜相较于其亲本具有更好的耐渍性和抗旱能力，在不同水分胁迫下显示出明显的优势。该研究为耐渍和耐旱三交油菜新品种的选育及其规模化推广应用提供了重要的理论参考。

关键词: 三交油菜, 渍水, 干旱, 超氧化物歧化酶

Abstract:

Drought and flood disasters have a significant impact on rapeseed production, seriously affecting its yield and quality. This study used a pot experiment to study the effects of normal water content (control), mild waterlogging, moderate waterlogging, moderate drought, and severe drought conditions on growth and physiological characteristics of the three-way cross rapeseed ‘159-6’בFengyou 520’, its parent ‘Fengyou 520’ (20A×C3R) and‘159-6’. The results showed that under normal water conditions, the fresh weight of three-way cross rapeseed was higher than that of hybrid parents and inbred line parents, and CAT activity was higher than that of inbred line parents. The dry weight, chlorophyll content, SOD and POD activity were significantly lower than those of both parents (p<0.01). Under different degrees of waterlogging and drought stress, the chlorophyll content of three-way cross rapeseed was higher than that of the control, and significantly higher than that of its parents (p<0.05). The dry weight of three-way cross rapeseed under mild waterlogging and severe drought stress was 80% and 20% higher than that of its hybrid parents, and 200% and 100% higher than that of its inbred parents, reaching a highly significant level (p<0.001). Under mild waterlogging and moderate drought stress, the SOD activity was 44.8% and 62.1% higher than the hybrid parents, and 179.9% and 48.7% higher than the inbred parents, reaching a highly significant level (p<0.001). The POD activity under moderate and severe drought stress was 64.1% and 22.6% higher than that of hybrid parents, 154.2% and 91.1% higher than that of inbred parents, reaching a highly significant level (p<0.001); Under severe drought stress, the soluble sugar content was 46.9% higher than that of the hybrid parent, reaching a significant level (p<0.05). Three-way cross rapeseed has better waterlogging resistance and drought resistance compared to its parents. Three-way cross rapeseed has significant advantages over its parents under different water stress. This study can provide reference for the breeding and large-scale promotion of new varieties of waterlogging and drought tolerant rapeseed.

Key words: three-way cross rapeseed, waterlogging, drought, superoxide dismutase