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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (34): 134-140.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0026

• 植物保护·农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

橘小实蝇越冬调查及线性拟合评价

公正1(), 宫庆涛2(), 鹿英3, 张祥全4, 朱腾飞5, 胡希平6, 万国7, 石振利8, 张坤鹏2, 张安宁2()   

  1. 1 蒙阴县果业发展服务中心，山东临沂 276200
    2 山东省果树研究所，山东泰安 271000
    3 肥城市科技创新研究中心，山东肥城 271600
    4 兰陵县香甜幸福源家庭农场，山东临沂 277700
    5 阳谷县农业农村局，山东聊城 252399
    6 阳谷县农业技术推广服务中心，山东聊城 252399
    7 东平县梯门镇农业综合服务中心，山东东平 271502
    8 肥城市新城办事处王坊村振利油桃专业合作社，山东肥城 271600
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-11 修回日期:2024-07-10 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2024-12-03
  • 通讯作者:
    宫庆涛，男，1984年出生，山东东平人，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事果树害虫综合防控研究。E-mail：。
    张安宁，男，1974年出生，山东新泰人，研究员，硕士，从果树栽培及桃病虫害防控研究。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    公正，男，1989年出生，山东蒙阴人，助理农艺师，本科，主要从事果树生产管理技术指导服务。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山东省重大科技创新工程项目“重大果蔬害虫桔小实蝇监测预警与绿色精准防控技术研发及应用”(2019JZZY010711); 泰安市科技特派员科技项目“无人机、防虫网及低氧负压蛆果无害化处理技术在桃实蝇防控中的应用”(2022TPY035); 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金——泰安综合试验站项目(CARS-30-Z-08); 兰陵县科技发展项目“罩网、飞防及负压蛆果无害化处理技术在实蝇防控中的应用”; 山东省自然科学基金项目“梨小食心虫产卵选择行为及机理研究”(ZR2015YL058); 农业农村部药检所项目“植物生长调节剂调控技术研究与示范推广”(横向课题); 农业农村部药检所项目“植物生长调节剂调控技术研究与示范推广”(2021)

Investigation of Overwintering of Bactrocera dorsalis and Its Linear Fitting Evaluation

GONG Zheng1(), GONG Qingtao2(), LU Ying3, ZHANG Xiangquan4, ZHU Tengfei5, HU Xiping6, WAN Guo7, SHI Zhenli8, ZHANG Kunpeng2, ZHANG Anning2()   

  1. 1 Mengyin County Fruit Industry Development Service Center, Linyi, Shandong 276200
    2 Shandong Institute of Pomology, Tai’an, Shandong 271000
    3 Feicheng Science and Technology Innovation Research Center, Tai’an, Shandong 271000
    4 Lanling County Sweet Happiness Source Family Farm, Linyi, Shandong 277700
    5 Yanggu Agricultural Bureau, Liaocheng, Shandong 252399
    6 Yanggu Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Liaocheng, Shandong 252399
    7 Timen Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center of Dongping, Tai’an, Shandong 271502
    8 Zhenli Oil Peach Professional Cooperative of Feicheng New District Office, Tai’an, Shandong 271600
  • Received:2024-01-11 Revised:2024-07-10 Published:2024-12-05 Online:2024-12-03

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摘要：

采用果实解剖法以极晚熟野生毛桃为试材，逐期调查田间状态下橘小实蝇在山东地区秋冬季为害率、存在虫态及活性情况，结合当地温度数据，建立逻辑斯蒂拟合曲线，并通过相关性和灰色关联度分析，研究温度与果实内幼虫死亡率关系。利用土壤解剖和罩网法调查橘小实蝇越冬虫态及生存状态情况。结果表明，橘小实蝇在山东地区为害率前期平缓、后期显著增加，表现明显线性特征。随着时间的变化，1龄和2龄幼虫数量逐渐减少，3龄增加，11月23日后1龄幼虫为0，说明成虫产卵行为基本终止。11月16日开始出现死亡，11月23日迅速增加，12月7日死亡率达到100%，表明幼虫无法在果实内越冬。温度各指标间均达到极显著正相关水平，而幼虫死亡率与各温度均达到极显著负相关水平，说明温度极显著影响橘小实蝇幼虫死亡率。通过逻辑斯蒂方程拟合分析可知，山东地区橘小实蝇桃果内幼虫死亡的时间为11月9—17日，该拟合计算与田间实际情况相符。由秋冬季幼虫死亡率与温度指标模拟值灰色关联度可知，外界环境当日最高温度与幼虫死亡率关联度最大，其次为平均温度，而最低温度影响最小。通过对橘小实蝇越冬虫期和年度进化过程研究，认为橘小实蝇在山东地区田间状态下无法越冬，当地发生虫体仍为入侵迁移种群，防治重点应放在外防入侵上。

关键词: 橘小实蝇, 越冬, 幼虫, 温度, 相关性分析, 线性拟合, 灰色关联度

Abstract:

This study selected late maturing wild peaches as the test material, used the fruit peeling method to investigate the damage rate, insect status, and activity of the Bactrocera dorsalis in the autumn and winter seasons in Shandong Province, combined with local temperature data, established a logistic regression curve. The relationship between temperature and larval mortality rate in the fruit was studied through correlation and gray correlation analysis. The overwintering status and survival status of the B. dorsalis were investigated using soil planing and net covering methods. The results showed that the damage rate of the B. dorsalis in Shandong region was gentle in the early stage and significantly increased in the later stage, exhibiting obvious linear characteristics. The number of 1st and 2nd instar larvae gradually decreased with the time, while the number of 3rd instar larvae increased. After November 23rd, the number of 1st instar larvae reached 0, indicating that the oviposition behavior of adults had basically stopped. Death began on November 16th, rapidly increased on November 23rd, and reached 100% on December 7th, indicating that the larvae were unable to overwinter within the fruit. The temperature indicators have reached a highly significant positive correlation level, while the mortality rate of larvae has reached a highly significant negative correlation level with each temperature, indicating that temperature has a significant impact on the mortality rate of B. dorsalis larvae. According to the logistic equation fitting analysis, it can be concluded that the time of larval death in the peach fruit of the B. dorsalis in Shandong Province is between November 9th and November 17th. This fitting calculation is consistent with the actual situation in the field. Calculating the grey correlation between the mortality rate of autumn and winter larvae and the simulated values of temperature indicators show that the highest temperature in the external environment during autumn and winter has the highest correlation with the mortality rate of larvae, followed by the average temperature, while the lowest temperature has the least impact. By studying the overwintering stage by stage and the annual evolution process of the B. dorsalis, it is believed that the B. dorsalis cannot overwinter in the field in Shandong region, and the local parasites are still invasive and migratory population, the focus of prevention and control should be on external invasion prevention.

Key words: Bactrocera dorsalis, overwinter, larvae, temperature, correlation analysis, linear fitting, grey correlation degree