欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (34): 149-156.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0485

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

轻简化采收下分类编杆对烟叶品质的影响

付志伟1(), 李芹2, 郭仕平3, 陈鹏3, 张远盖3, 陈立波3, 王谢2, 吕吉4()   

  1. 1 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司冕宁县分公司,四川凉山 615600
    2 四川省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,成都 610066
    3 中国烟草总公司四川省公司,成都 610000
    4 四川省烟草公司德阳市公司,四川德阳 618000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-16 修回日期:2024-09-04 出版日期:2024-12-05 发布日期:2024-12-03
  • 通讯作者:
    吕吉,女,1987年出生,四川人,初级农艺师,学士,研究方向:雪茄烟叶生产。通信地址:618000 四川德阳市长江东路176号 四川省烟草公司德阳市公司,Tel:0838-2500884,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    付志伟,男,1986年出生,四川会理人,初级农艺师,硕士,研究方向:烟草育种栽培。通信地址:615600 四川冕宁县城厢镇胜利西路10号 四川省烟草公司凉山州公司冕宁县分公司,Tel:0834-6722570,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    中国烟草总公司四川省公司2023年度科技项目“四川烟区烟叶生产农机农艺融合技术体系构建与应用”(SCYC202308); 中国烟草总公司四川省公司2024年度科技项目“凉攀烟区烟叶四次分层采收技术与农机装备体系构建与应用”(SCYC202414)

Effect of Classified Plaiting Method on Quality of Simplified Harvesting Tobacco

FU Zhiwei1(), LI Qin2, GUO Shiping3, CHEN Peng3, ZHANG Yuangai3, CHEN Libo3, WANG Xie2, LYU Ji4()   

  1. 1 Mianning Branch of Liangshan Tobacco Company in Sichuan Province, Liangshan, Sichuan 615600
    2 Agricultural Resources and Environment Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
    3 Sichuan Branch of China Tobacco Corporation, Chengdu 610000
    4 Deyang Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company, Deyang, Sichuan 618000
  • Received:2024-07-16 Revised:2024-09-04 Published:2024-12-05 Online:2024-12-03

摘要:

探明轻简化采收下分类编杆的可行性,有利于加快推进4次轻简分层采收技术的应用。文章从外观质量、感官质量和化学成分协调性3个方面评价轻简化采收下分类编杆对烟叶品质的影响,并结合烟叶产量产值、编杆效率、烤房需求分析该措施的优缺点。结果显示:(1)轻简化采收下分类编杆可提高烟叶产量,增幅8.83%,根据2023年烟叶收购价格,烟叶产值增加8320元/hm2。(2)分类编杆可提高各等级(C3F除外)烟叶的产量和占比,提高上、下部叶的外观质量和化学成分协调性,改善中部叶感官质量,分类编杆可提高烟叶品质。(3)分类编杆处理平均每个烟夹耗时增加1 min,编杆效率较低,单次编杆、烘烤烟夹数量增加,对烤房的需求增大,导致烤房服务能力降低22.99%。轻简化采收下分类编杆可改善烟叶质量等级构成,提高烟叶品质和产量,但会引起编杆环节效率降低,增加烤房服务压力。轻简化采收技术的大面积应用还需探索提高编杆效率的有效措施,适度调整烤房等基础设施建设。

关键词: 烟草, 分类编杆, 质量等级, 烟叶品质, 轻简化采收, 编杆效率

Abstract:

The feasibility of classified plaiting under light and simplified harvesting is helpful to accelerate the application of four light and simple stratified harvesting technologies. Based on this, this paper evaluated the effect of classified plaiting method on tobacco leaf quality from three aspects of appearance quality, sensory quality and chemical composition coordination. And the advantages and disadvantages of this measure combined with the output value of tobacco leaf, packing efficiency and the demand of curing house were analyzed. The results showed as follows: (1) classified plaiting method could increase the yield of tobacco leaf by 8.83%. According to the purchase price of tobacco leaf in 2023, the output value of tobacco leaf increased by 8320 yuan/hm2. (2) Classified plaiting method could improve the yield and proportion of tobacco of all grades (except for C3F). Classified plaiting method improved the appearance quality and chemical composition coordination of upper and lower leaves, and improved the sensory quality of C3F. (3) The average time spent on each cigarette clip increased by 1 minute, and the efficiency of the cigarette clip was low. The increase in the number of single-time cigarette clips increased the demand for the barn, resulting in a 22.99% reduction in the service capacity of the barn. Classified plaiting method can improve the quality grade composition of tobacco leaves and increase the quality and yield of tobacco leaves, but it will decrease the efficiency of packing process and increase the pressure of curing house service. The large-scale application of light and simplified harvesting technology also needs to explore effective measures to improve the efficiency of plaiting method, and moderately adjust the construction of infrastructure such as curing barns.

Key words: tobacco, classified plaiting method, quality grade, tobacco quality, simplified harvesting, plaiting method efficiency