百合鳞茎贮藏病害及保鲜现状研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0603

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本综述旨在探讨百合的保鲜贮藏条件及其鳞茎病害对贮藏效果的影响，分析现有保鲜技术及植物精油抑菌保鲜的应用前景。通过整理现有的百合鳞茎贮藏病害类型、现有保鲜技术及植物精油的抑菌效果，评估不同保鲜技术对保鲜效果的影响，做出总结并提出相应建议。百合在贮藏期间的主要病害是鳞茎腐烂病，该病病原菌主要有尖孢镰刀菌、茄病镰刀菌、共享镰刀菌、层出镰刀菌、假短孢弯孢菌等，常用的保鲜技术有物理保鲜技术、化学保鲜技术、生物保鲜技术和复合保鲜技术。此外，植物精油在抑制病原菌生长方面表现出显著效果，为百合更好地保鲜贮藏提供了新的思路。本研究进展可以为百合的保鲜技术应用提供一定的参考。

关键词: 鲜食百合, 鳞茎腐烂病, 病原菌, 保鲜, 植物精油, 研究进展, 兰州百合

Abstract:

This review aims to explore the storage and preservation conditions of lily bulbs, analyze the impact of bulb diseases on storage efficacy, and examine the application prospects of existing preservation techniques and the antibacterial preservation potential of plant essential oils. By integrating existing research on disease types affecting lily bulb storage, current preservation technologies, and the antibacterial effects of plant essential oils, this study assesses the impacts of different preservation techniques on storage outcomes, summarizes findings, and provides recommendations. Lily bulbs are prone to bulb rot disease during storage, primarily caused by pathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium commune, Fusarium proliferatum, and Curvularia pseudobrachyspora. Commonly used storage and preservation technologies include physical preservation chemical preservation, biological preservation, and combined preservation techniques. Meanwhile, plant essential oils demonstrate significant efficacy in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, offering novel insights for improving lily bulb storage and preservation. Investigating lily bulb storage diseases and preservation techniques provides critical references and a theoretical basis for advancing the application of preservation technologies in lily storage practices.

Key words: fresh lily bulbs, bulb rot, pathogens, preservation, plant essential oils, research progress, Lanzhou lily bulb

郭宏坚, 刘超群. 百合鳞茎贮藏病害及保鲜现状研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(14): 120-125.

GUO Hongjian, LIU Chaoqun. Research Progress on Storage Diseases and Preservation of Lily Bulbs[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(14): 120-125.

图/表 1

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物种	品种	种植地区	病原菌拉丁名	病原菌中文名	参考文献
卷丹	-	江苏宜兴	Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii	尖孢镰刀菌百合专化型	[8]
百合	-	江西	Fusarium oxysporum	尖孢镰刀菌	[9]
	-	江西	Fusarium solani	茄病镰刀菌	[9]
	龙牙百合	江西万载	Fusarium oxysporum	尖孢镰刀菌	[10]
	龙牙百合	江西万载	Fusarium commune	共享镰刀菌	[11]
	龙牙百合	江西万载	Fusarium proliferatum	层出镰刀菌	[12]
	龙牙百合	江西万载	Curvularia pseudobrachyspora	假短孢弯孢菌	[13]
	-	浙江湖州、杭州	Fusarium solani f. sp. lilii	茄病镰刀菌百合专化型	[14]
	-	浙江湖州、杭州	Fusarium oxysporum	尖孢镰刀菌	[14]
	-	北京	Fusarium oxysporum	尖孢镰刀菌	[15]
	龙牙百合	湖南邵阳	Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii	尖孢镰刀菌百合专化型	[16]
	兰州百合	甘肃兰州	Aspergillus flavus	黄曲霉菌	[5]
	兰州百合	甘肃兰州	Rhizopus oryzae	米根霉菌	[5]

物种	品种	种植地区	病原菌拉丁名	病原菌中文名	参考文献
卷丹	-	江苏宜兴	Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii	尖孢镰刀菌百合专化型	[8]
百合	-	江西	Fusarium oxysporum	尖孢镰刀菌	[9]
	-	江西	Fusarium solani	茄病镰刀菌	[9]
	龙牙百合	江西万载	Fusarium oxysporum	尖孢镰刀菌	[10]
	龙牙百合	江西万载	Fusarium commune	共享镰刀菌	[11]
	龙牙百合	江西万载	Fusarium proliferatum	层出镰刀菌	[12]
	龙牙百合	江西万载	Curvularia pseudobrachyspora	假短孢弯孢菌	[13]
	-	浙江湖州、杭州	Fusarium solani f. sp. lilii	茄病镰刀菌百合专化型	[14]
	-	浙江湖州、杭州	Fusarium oxysporum	尖孢镰刀菌	[14]
	-	北京	Fusarium oxysporum	尖孢镰刀菌	[15]
	龙牙百合	湖南邵阳	Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii	尖孢镰刀菌百合专化型	[16]
	兰州百合	甘肃兰州	Aspergillus flavus	黄曲霉菌	[5]
	兰州百合	甘肃兰州	Rhizopus oryzae	米根霉菌	[5]