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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (13): 89-96.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0682

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

旱坡地不同肥力水平下各生育期油菜的土壤呼吸特征

杨婷婷1(), 田效琴1,2,3, 李卓1,2,3,4(), 刘永红2, 李浩杰1,3   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院作物研究所,成都 610066
    2 南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室,成都 610066
    3 粮油作物绿色种质创新与遗传改良四川省重点实验室,成都 610066
    4 成都农业科技中心,成都 610200
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-30 修回日期:2025-02-20 出版日期:2025-05-05 发布日期:2025-05-07
  • 通讯作者:
    李卓,男,1979年出生,山西吕梁市人,副研究员,博士研究生,研究方向:节水农业与农业资源环境。通信地址:610066 四川省成都市锦江区狮山路4号,Tel:028-84504230,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    杨婷婷,女,1996年出生,四川南充人,科研助理,硕士研究生,研究方向:作物栽培与农业资源利用。通信地址:610066 四川省成都市锦江区狮山路4号,Tel:028-84504230,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    四川省自然科学基金项目“西南旱地‘新两熟’区土壤碳排放对有机无机肥配施的响应”(2024NSFSC0344); 基金培育项目“油菜膜侧集雨抑蒸种植土壤微生物群落结构和功能特征”(JJPY2302); 国家成都农业科技中心地方财政专项“丘区(简阳)粮油全程机械化生产关键核心技术攻关”和(NASC2024KY05); 国家成都农业科技中心地方财政专项“邛崃市粮油高质高效生产关键技术攻关”(NASC2024KY06); 1+9揭榜挂帅攻关项目“绿色丰产突破性栽培技术”(1+9KJGG010); 省财政自主创新专项“主要粮油作物Cd吸收积累规律及消减途径”(2022ZZCX007); 国家重点研发计划“丘区夏玉米农机农艺融合关键技术创新与集成”(2023YFD2301902-2)

Analysis of Soil Respiration Characteristics in Rape Field of Dry Slope Land Under Different Soil Fertility Conditions

YANG Tingting1(), TIAN Xiaoqin1,2,3, LI Zhuo1,2,3,4(), LIU Yonghong2, LI Haojie1,3   

  1. 1 Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
    2 Provincial Key Laboratory of Water-saving Agriculture in Hill Areas of Southern China, Chengdu 610066
    3 Environment-friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066
    4 Chengdu Agricultural Technology Center, Chengdu 610200
  • Received:2024-10-30 Revised:2025-02-20 Published:2025-05-05 Online:2025-05-07

摘要:

土壤肥力是影响土壤呼吸速率和农田生态系统碳排放的重要因素。本试验以4个不同肥力水平的旱坡地土壤为处理因素,将其从低到高分别命名为F1、F2、F3、F4。研究不同肥力水平下油菜在4个生育期内土壤呼吸速率(微生物呼吸速率、根系呼吸速率、总呼吸速率)的变化规律及其与土壤水分、温度的关系,明确各肥力水平下不同生育期油菜农田土壤呼吸特征。相关分析表明,土壤呼吸速率与土壤水分、温度均呈显著正相关关系。其中微生物呼吸速率、总呼吸速率与土壤水分、温度极显著相关。土壤呼吸指标测定结果表明,在油菜生育期内,土壤水分、温度、土壤呼吸速率总体均呈上升趋势,具体表现为苗期(蕾苔期)<开花期(角果期)。F4的土壤水分、温度和土壤呼吸速率高于其他3个肥力水平,其中土壤呼吸速率达显著水平;F4的碳排放总量最高,与F1、F2、F3相比,F4分别显著高出71.83%、43.35%、25.98%;F4的产量较F1、F2、F3分别显著高出147.35%、59.50%、19.98%。在碳排放效率方面,F3较其他3个肥力水平显著高出5.13%~57.70%,且F3的碳排放总量与F4相比显著降低了25.98%。综上,F4拥有较高的产量水平,但其碳排放总量较高;F3同时具有较高的生产力水平和相对较低的碳排放总量,但其产量也相对较低。本研究结果有助于正确识别油菜农田碳排放行为以及土壤呼吸速率对土壤水分、温度的敏感程度。

关键词: 土壤肥力, 农田生态系统, 碳排放, 油菜产量, 土壤呼吸速率

Abstract:

Soil fertility significantly influences soil respiration rate and carbon emission in farmland ecosystem. The study took four soils with different fertility levels as influencing factors, and they were named F1, F2, F3 and F4 according to fertility from low to high. The research focused on the change patterns of soil respiration rate (including microbial respiration rate, root respiration rate and total respiration rate) and their relationships with soil moisture and temperature during growth periods of rapeseed. The characteristics of soil respiration under different fertility conditions were elucidated. Correlation analysis showed that soil respiration rates were positively correlated with soil moisture and temperature, and highly significant correlations observed between microbial respiration rate, total respiration rate and moisture, temperature. The results indicated that soil moisture, temperature and soil respiration rates exhibited an increasing trend during the growth period of rapeseed, and the specific performance was: seedling stage (bud stage) < flowering stage (pod stage). The soil moisture, temperature and soil respiration rates were higher in F4 compared to the other three fertility levels, with soil respiration rates reaching a significant level. Total carbon emissions from F4 were the highest, being 71.83%, 43.35% and 25.98% higher than those from F1, F2, and F3, respectively. Additionally, the yield of F4 was significantly higher by 147.35%, 59.50% and 19.98% compared to F1, F2, and F3, respectively. In terms of carbon emission efficiency, F3 showed significantly higher efficiency (5.13%-57.70%) compared to the other three fertility levels, and its total carbon emissions were significantly lower by 25.98% compared to F4. In summary, while F4 achieved high rapeseed yields, it also had higher total carbon emissions; F3 demonstrated relatively low total carbon emission. These findings suggested that human intervention could regulate these outcomes in future studies. The results provided valuable insights into understanding carbon emission behavior and the sensitivity of soil respiration rates to soil moisture and temperature in rapeseed fields.

Key words: soil fertility, farmland ecosystem, carbon emissions, rapeseed yield, soil respiration rate