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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (29): 24-29.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0740

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源褪黑素对镉胁迫下向日葵种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

王美艳1(), 翟明慧2, 袁龙2, 李冰冰1, 郭高杰1, 朱亚祺1, 王荣杰1, 丁瑞瑞1()   

  1. 1 青岛农业大学海都学院， 山东莱阳 265200
    2 山东农业大学， 山东泰安 271000
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-10 修回日期:2025-02-15 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-22
  • 通讯作者:
    丁瑞瑞，女，1990年出生，山东青岛人，副教授，博士研究生，研究方向：果实贮藏研究。通信地址：265200 山东省莱阳市文化路11号 青岛农业大学海都学院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    王美艳，女，1989年出生，山东栖霞人，讲师，硕士研究生，研究方向：园林植物生态生理。通信地址：265200 山东省莱阳市文化路11号 青岛农业大学海都学院，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    2024年度青岛农业大学海都学院教学改革研究项目(JY202417); 2024年度青岛农业大学海都学院大学生创新训练项目(CXCY202401012); 2024年青岛农业大学海都学院科研项目(KY2024002)

Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Helianthus annuus Under Cadmium Stress

WANG Meiyan1(), ZHAI Minghui2, YUAN Long2, LI Bingbing1, GUO Gaojie1, ZHU Yaqi1, WANG Rongjie1, DING Ruirui1()   

  1. 1 Haidu College of Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, Shandong 265200
    2 Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271000
  • Received:2024-12-10 Revised:2025-02-15 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-10-22

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摘要：

为阐释褪黑素(MT)对重金属镉(Cd)的减缓作用，以向日葵为试材，采用浸种处理、叶面喷施及常规石蜡切片的方法，探究外源MT对Cd胁迫下向日葵种子萌发、幼苗生长及叶片组织结构的影响。结果表明：采用200 µmol/L MT浸种，可显著提高Cd胁迫下向日葵种子发芽率和发芽势；Cd胁迫下，叶面喷施400 µmol/L MT的向日葵幼苗，其株高、根长、叶长、叶宽等生长指标及SOD、POD、CAT、可溶性蛋白含量等生理指标均显著提高，MDA含量显著降低；分析叶片组织显微结构，外源施用200 µmol/L MT，向日葵的叶片厚度、上下表皮细胞厚度、栅栏组织厚度、叶片组织紧密度(STR)和栅海比均显著提高，海绵组织厚度和叶片组织疏松度(SR)显著降低。上述结果说明，适宜浓度的外源MT可有效改善Cd胁迫下向日葵种子萌发和幼苗生长状况，提高向日葵的镉耐性。

关键词: 褪黑素, 镉胁迫, 向日葵, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长, 生理特性, 显微结构

Abstract:

To illustrate the mitigating effect of the melatonin (MT) on the heavy metal cadmium (Cd), Helianthus annuus was used as the test material to study the effect of exogenous MT on seed germination, seedling growth and leaf tissue structure under Cd stress by means of seed imbibition, foliar spraying and conventional paraffin sectioning. The results showed that soaking seeds with 200 µmol/L MT significantly increased the germination rate and germination potential. Under Cd stress, a 400 µmol/L MT treatment significantly improved the growth indicators such as plant height, root length, leaf length, leaf width, and the physiological indicators such as SOD, POD, CAT and the content of soluble protein, but the content of MDA was significantly decreased. By analyzing the microscopic structure of leaves, the leaf thickness, upper and lower epidermis cell thickness, palisade tissue thickness, cell tense ratio and ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue were significantly increased by exogenous application of 200 µmol/L MT. However, the spongy tissue thickness and the spongy ratio were significantly decreased. The above results indicated that the appropriate concentration of exogenous MT could effectively alleviate the seed germination and seedling growth of Helianthus annuus under Cd stress, and enhanced the Cd tolerance.

Key words: melatonin, cadmium stress, Helianthus annuus, seed germination, seedling growth, physiological characteristics, microstructure