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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (19): 132-142.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0783

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

褪黑素对干旱胁迫下‘桂牧一号’杂交象草试管苗生长和生理特性的影响

尹明华(), 何凡凡, 张嘉欣, 黄添慧, 乐芸, 张钦荣   

  1. 上饶师范学院生命科学学院，江西上饶 334001
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-27 修回日期:2025-04-18 出版日期:2025-07-05 发布日期:2025-07-10
  • 作者简介:

    尹明华，女，1973年出生，江西吉安人，教授，硕士，主要从事牧草植物生物技术研究工作。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“江西铅山红芽芋‘超低温疗法脱毒’响应机制的研究”(31860084); 国家自然科学基金“怀玉山三叶青‘超低温疗法脱毒’促进离体根膨大的机理研究”(31960079); 国家自然科学基金“江西铅山红芽芋超低温疗法脱毒抑制细胞凋亡抗早衰的机理研究”(32060092); 江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项“江西牧草组培育苗技术建立与示范”(JXARS-13-赣东站); 2024年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下桂牧一号杂交象草试管苗生长和生理特性的影响”(S202410416020)

Effect of Melatonin on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum ‘Guimu-1’ Plantlets Under Drought Stress

YIN Minghua(), HE Fanfan, ZHANG Jiaxin, HUANG Tianhui, LE Yun, ZHANG Qinrong   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao, Jiangxi 334001
  • Received:2024-12-27 Revised:2025-04-18 Published:2025-07-05 Online:2025-07-10

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摘要： 为研究褪黑素对干旱胁迫下‘桂牧一号’杂交象草生长和生理特性的影响，探究褪黑素缓解干旱胁迫对‘桂牧一号’杂交象草生长抑制的生理机制，采用植物组织培养法对10% PEG6000干旱胁迫下的‘桂牧一号’杂交象草试管苗进行6种浓度褪黑素溶液处理，分析其形态指标和生理指标对不同褪黑素浓度响应的差异。结果表明，干旱胁迫显著抑制‘桂牧一号’杂交象草试管苗的生长，而添加不同浓度的褪黑素均能够缓解干旱胁迫引起的‘桂牧一号’杂交象草试管苗生长抑制，并且当褪黑素浓度为100 mg/L时缓解效果最显著。与单独干旱胁迫处理相比，在干旱胁迫下添加100 mg/L褪黑素后，‘桂牧一号’杂交象草试管苗的株高、根长、茎长、叶长、总鲜重、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重和根冠比分别增加74.4%、69.9%、110.9%、75.4%、97.6%、80.5%、118.1%和20.2%，相对含水量、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、总根长、根系总表面积、根系平均直径、根系总体积、根系活力、抗坏血酸(AsA)含量、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、可溶性糖(SS)含量、可溶性蛋白(SP)含量、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、CAT活性、SOD活性、POD活性、IAA含量、GA3含量、ZR含量、ETH含量分别增加40.2%、69.2%、117.3%、141.3%、87.8%、38.3%、62.5%、35.9%、59.2%、113.6%、80.8%、72.2%、52.5%、25.7%、48.7%、82.5%、27.5%、38.5%、49.8%、55.4%和9.1%，相对电导率、ABA含量、O2-含量、H2O2含量和MDA含量分别下降52.9%、14.2%、38.4%、67.7%和50.5%。株高、根长、茎长、叶长、总鲜重、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、根冠比与相对含水量、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、总根长、根系总表面积、根系总体积、根系活力、AsA、GSH、SS、SP、Pro、CAT、SOD、POD、IAA、GA3、ZR、ETH呈显著或极显著正相关关系；与相对电导率、H2O2、ABA呈显著或极显著负相关关系。综上所述，褪黑素能够显著促进干旱胁迫下‘桂牧一号’杂交象草试管苗的生长，增强其抗氧化能力，增加其渗透调节物质含量，抑制其活性氧的过度产生，降低其膜脂过氧化水平，从而提高‘桂牧一号’杂交象草试管苗的耐旱性。

关键词: 褪黑素, 干旱胁迫, ‘桂牧一号’杂交象草, 试管苗, 生长, 生理特性

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of melatonin on the growth and physiological characteristics of hybrid Pennisetum urpureum ‘Guimu-1’ under drought stress, and to explore the physiological mechanism of melatonin alleviating the growth inhibition of hybrid P. urpureum ‘Guimu-1’ under drought stress, hybrid P. urpureum ‘Guimu-1’ plantlets under 10% PEG6000 drought stress were treated with six concentrations of melatonin solution by plant tissue culture. The differences in the responses of morphological and physiological indicators to different melatonin concentrations were analyzed. The results showed that drought stress significantly inhibited the growth of hybrid P. urpureum ‘Guimu-1’ plantlets, while adding different concentrations of melatonin could alleviate the growth inhibition caused by drought stress, and the most significant relief effect was observed when the melatonin concentration was 100 mg/L. Compared with the treatment of drought stress alone, the addition of 100 mg/L melatonin under drought stress increased the plant height, root length, stem length, leaf length, total fresh mass, aboveground fresh mass, underground fresh mass, and root shoot ratio of hybrid P. urpureum ‘Guimu-1’ plantlets by 74.4%, 69.9%, 110.9%, 75.4%, 97.6%, 80.5%, 118.1% and 20.2%, respectively; increased the relative water content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, total root length, total root surface area, average root diameter, total root volume, root vitality, ascorbic acid (AsA) content, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, soluble sugar (SS) content, soluble protein (SP) content, proline content, CAT activity, SOD activity, POD activity, IAA content, GA3 content, ZR content, and ETH content by 40.2%, 69.2%, 117.3%, 141.3%, 87.8%, 38.3%, 62.5%, 35.9%, 59.2%, 113.6%, 80.8%, 72.2%, 52.5%, 25.7%, 48.7%, 82.5%, 27.5%, 38.5%, 49.8%, 55.4% and 9.1%, respectively; decreased the relative conductivity, ABA content, O2- content, H2O2 content and MDA content by 52.9%, 14.2%, 38.4%, 67.7%, 50.5%, respectively. Plant height, root length, stem length, leaf length, total fresh mass, aboveground fresh mass, underground fresh mass, root shoot ratio had significant or extremely significant positive correlations with relative water content, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, total root length, total root surface area, total root volume, root vitality, AsA, GSH, SS, SP, Pro, CAT, SOD, POD, IAA, GA3, ZR, ETH, and had significant or extremely significant negative correlations with relative conductivity, H2O2, ABA. Therefore, melatonin could significantly promote the growth of hybrid P. urpureum ‘Guimu-1’ plantlets under drought stress, enhance their antioxidant capacity, increase their osmoregulatory substance content, inhibit their excessive production of reactive oxygen species, and reduce their membrane peroxidation level, thereby improve the drought tolerance of hybrid P. urpureum ‘Guimu-1’ plantlets.

Key words: melatonin, drought stress, hybrid Pennisetum urpureum ‘Guimu-1’, plantlets, growth, physiological characteristics