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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 38-46.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0437

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

脱落酸对低温胁迫下菜豆幼苗生长及抗寒性的影响

姜子健(), 杨茂林, 杨晓旭, 刘畅, 刘大军, 冯国军()   

  1. 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院，哈尔滨 150000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-05 修回日期:2024-10-15 出版日期:2025-03-25 发布日期:2025-03-25
  • 通讯作者:
    冯国军，男，1966年出生，辽宁庄河人，研究员，博士，研究方向：寒区作物种质资源创新及利用。通信地址：150000 黑龙江哈尔滨南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院，Tel：13796610066，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    姜子健，男，1999年出生，黑龙江哈尔滨人，硕士研究生，研究方向：寒区作物种质资源创新及利用。通信地址：150000 黑龙江哈尔滨南岗区学府路74号 黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院，Tel：15945003099，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省重点研发计划项目专项课题计划“主要蔬菜作物分子辅助育种决策与新品系培育研究”(SC2022ZX02C0202); 农业部政府购买合同(19240656); 黑龙江省现代农业协同创新推广体系“油豆角协同创新推广体系”

Effects of Abscisic Acid on Growth and Cold Resistance of Phaseolus vulgaris Seedlings Under Low Temperature Stress

JIANG Zijian(), YANG Maolin, YANG Xiaoxu, LIU Chang, LIU Dajun, FENG Guojun()   

  1. College of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150000
  • Received:2024-07-05 Revised:2024-10-15 Published:2025-03-25 Online:2025-03-25

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摘要：

为了探究不同浓度脱落酸(abscisic acid, ABA)对低温胁迫下菜豆幼苗生长及抗寒性的影响。研究了脱落酸缓解菜豆冷害的调控机理。以低温敏感型的菜豆品种‘热那亚’幼苗为试验材料，设置常温对照组(CK)、低温处理组(LT)、以及喷施10 mg/L ABA溶液(T10)、20 mg/L ABA溶液(T20)、30 mg/L ABA溶液(T30)、40 mg/L ABA溶液(T40)后进行低温胁迫的4个不同浓度脱落酸处理组。对其幼苗生长指标及生理指标进行测定。结果显示：T10处理组菜豆幼苗生长指标达到峰值，较LT组植株的株高、根长、茎粗和叶面积分别增加了48.47%、43.46%、73.20%和65.69%，差异显著。此外喷施ABA降低了低温胁迫下菜豆幼苗的电解质渗透率，增强了抗氧化酶POD、SOD的活性，清除了多余的ROS，降低了MDA、H2O2、O2-和可溶性蛋白的含量，保护了菜豆细胞膜结构。提高了低温胁迫下幼苗叶片的光合性能。由此可见，喷施适宜浓度ABA可以促进低温胁迫下菜豆幼苗的生长发育。

关键词: 菜豆幼苗, 脱落酸, 低温胁迫, 丙二醛, 抗氧化酶, 超氧阴离子, 可溶性蛋白, 叶绿素, 生长指标, 抗寒性

Abstract:

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of abscisic acid (ABA) on the growth and cold resistance of Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings under low temperature stress, with a focus on elucidating the regulatory mechanism by which ABA mitigates cold damage in beans. Seedlings of low-temperature sensitive Phaseolus vulgaris variety ‘Genoa’ were used in this study as experimental materials. The experimental groups consisted of six categories: the control group maintained at normal temperature (CK), the group subjected to low temperature treatment (LT), and ABA solution groups with concentrations of 10 mg/L (T10), 20 mg/L (T20), 30 mg/L (T30), and 40 mg/L (T40) respectively. The seedlings in the ABA solution treated group were then subjected to low temperature stress. The growth and physiological indexes of the 6 groups of Phaseolus vulgaris seedlings were measured. The results demonstrated that under T10 treatment, the growth index of bean seedlings reached its peak. Furthermore, compared to the LT group, plant height, root length, stem diameter, and leaf area in the T10 group were increased significantly by 48.47%, 43.46%, 73.20%, and 65.69% respectively. Additionally, ABA spray reduced electrolyte permeability in bean seedlings under low temperature stress while enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes POD and SOD. This led to clearance of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as reductions in malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion radical (O2-), and soluble protein content. Moreover, ABA application protected the cell membrane structure of bean seedlings while improving their photosynthetic performance under low temperature stress. In conclusion, an appropriate concentration of ABA can promote the growth and development of bean seedlings under conditions of low temperature stress.

Key words: bean seedling, abscisic acid, low temperature stress, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme, superoxide anion, soluble protein, chlorophyll, growth index, cold resistance