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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 50-55.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0322

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

冬季补光在日光温室草莓生长和品质提升中的应用

李志鑫1(), 王龙2, 李欣1, 谭能智3, 陈京良3, 陈裕嘉3, 杨延杰1, 闫征南1(), 张雨涵1   

  1. 1 青岛农业大学园艺学院，山东青岛 266109
    2 山东佳垦农业服务有限公司，山东青岛 266109
    3 深圳市格林世界科技开发有限公司，广东深圳 518057
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-17 修回日期:2024-12-18 出版日期:2025-01-23 发布日期:2025-01-23
  • 通讯作者:
    闫征南，男，1991年出生，河北保定人，博士，研究方向为蔬菜栽培生理与设施园艺。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    李志鑫，男，1999年出生，山东潍坊人，硕士研究生，研究方向为蔬菜栽培生理与LED光环境调控。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    山东省乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划项目“设施蔬菜智慧生产与高值转化技术集成创新与示范”(2021TZXD007); 山东省乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划项目“设施蔬菜绿色高值生产关键技术研发与产业化”(2024TZXD019); 青岛农业大学校企合作项目“光环境调控温室番茄生长及最优补光策略研究”(6602421018)

Application of Supplementary Light in Winter in Growth and Quality Improvement of Strawberry in Solar Greenhouse

LI Zhixin1(), WANG Long2, LI Xin1, TAN Nengzhi3, CHEN Jingliang3, CHEN Yujia3, YANG Yanjie1, YAN Zhengnan1(), ZHANG Yuhan1   

  1. 1 College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109
    2 Shandong Jiaken Agriculture Service Co., Ltd., Qingdao, Shandong 266109
    3 Shenzhen Green World Technology Development Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057
  • Received:2024-05-17 Revised:2024-12-18 Published:2025-01-23 Online:2025-01-23

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摘要：

为减少北方地区冬春季节日光温室光照不足对草莓产量和品质造成的不良影响，在温室内部设置补光灯[补光强度为(20±3) μmol/(m2·s)，补光时长为3 h/d]对温室内草莓进行补光(T1)，以不补光为对照(CK)。结果表明，补光处理显著促进了草莓植株株高和叶片光合色素含量的增加，草莓叶片的叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、总叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素含量分别增加了27.3%、35.9%、21.7%和19.4%，补光处理的草莓叶片的单位反应中心吸收的光能(ABS/RC)、单位反应中心捕获的用于还原QA的能量(TR0/RC)和单位反应中心耗散掉的能量(DI0/RC)比不补光处理的草莓叶片分别降低了13.5%、7.6%和20.0%，说明草莓叶片天线色素单位吸收和捕获的光能减少，导致了用于电子传递的光能减少。与不补光处理的草莓叶片相比，补光显著降低了草莓叶片光化学反应的能量损失。补光处理的草莓果实可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量、维生素C含量分别比不补光处理增加了56.1%、6.8%和3.1%。在挥发性物质的影响方面，补光处理的氮氧化物、烷类、硫化物、醇和芳香族化合物、烷类和脂肪族分别比不补光处理增加15.3%、16.2%、10.6%、6.8%和6.7%。综上，日光温室补光处理显著促进了草莓植株的生长、草莓果实的品质提升和风味物质的积累。

关键词: 草莓, 日光温室, 补光处理, 叶绿素荧光, PSII, 产量, 挥发性物质, 可溶性固形物

Abstract:

In order to solve the negative influence of weak light in solar greenhouse on the yield and quality of strawberry in winter and spring in northern China, the supplementary light was set inside the greenhouse [supplementary light intensity was (20±3) μmol/(m2·s), supplementary light duration was 3 h/d, T1] for strawberries, and no supplementary light treatment was set as control (CK). The results showed that the supplementary light treatment significantly promoted the increase of plant height and photosynthetic pigment content in strawberry leaves, and the chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, total chlorophyll content, and carotenoid content in strawberry leaves increased by 27.3%, 35.9%, 21.7%, and 19.4%, respectively. Absorption flux per reaction center (ABS/RC), trapped energy flux per RC (TR0/RC) and dissipation energy flux per RC (DI0/RC) decreased by 13.5%, 7.6%, and 20.0%, respectively, which indicated that the pigment unit of strawberry leaf antenna absorbed and captured less light energy, resulting in less light energy for electron transport. Compared with strawberry plants grown without supplementary light, the energy loss of photochemical reaction in strawberry leaves was significantly reduced by supplementary light. The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, and vitamin C in strawberry fruit treated with supplementary light increased by 56.1%, 6.8%, and 3.1%, respectively, compared with those treated without supplementary light. In terms of the influences of volatile substances, the nitrogen oxides, alkanes, sulphide, alcohols and aromatic compounds, alkanes and aliphatic groups increased by 15.3%, 16.2%, 10.6%, 6.8%, and 6.7%, respectively, compared with the no supplementary light treatment. In conclusion, solar greenhouse supplementary light treatment significantly promoted the growth of strawberry plants, the improvement of strawberry fruit quality and the accumulation of flavor substances.

Key words: strawberry, solar greenhouse, supplementary light treatment, chlorophyll fluorescence, PSII, yield, volatile substance, soluble solid