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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 42-47.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0255

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

配方施肥对设施基质栽培番茄品质及产量的影响

郭春梅1(), 肖皓钧1, 秦兴利1, 丁映风1, 沈辉1, 杜艳萍2(), 张宏1, 杨正安1()   

  1. 1 云南农业大学园林园艺学院，昆明 650200
    2 昆明市农业广播电视学校，昆明 650500
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-17 修回日期:2024-10-14 出版日期:2025-01-05 发布日期:2025-01-01
  • 通讯作者:
    杨正安，男，1974年出生，云南建水人，教授，博士，研究方向：植物基因工程及生物技术、蔬菜生物技术与遗传育种、园艺植物生理与栽培。通信地址：650200 云南省昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号，E-mail：。
    杜艳萍，女，1972年出生，云南石屏人，高级农艺师（副高级），本科，研究方向：农业技术推广、高素质农民教育。通信地址：650500 云南省昆明市呈贡区昆明市农业广播电视学校，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    郭春梅，女，1999年出生，贵州纳雍人，硕士，研究方向：蔬菜生物技术与遗传育种。通信地址：650200 云南省昆明市盘龙区沣源路452号，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    云南省张小兰专家工作站(202205AF150021); 云南省生物种业与农产品精深加工重大专项“云南省地方特色蔬菜作物育种与安全高效栽培技术创新”(2018BB020-021-022); 国家自然科学基金地区基金项目“番茄SlGIS转录因子调控花药发育的分子机制解析”(3236180187)

Effects of Formula Fertilization on Tomato Quality and Yield Cultivated in Facility Substrates

GUO Chunmei1(), XIAO Haojun1, QIN Xingli1, DING Yingfeng1, SHEN Hui1, DU Yanping2(), ZHANG Hong1, YANG Zheng’an1()   

  1. 1 College of Landscape Architecture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650200
    2 Kunming Agricultural Radio and Television School, Kunming 650500
  • Received:2024-04-17 Revised:2024-10-14 Published:2025-01-05 Online:2025-01-01

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摘要：

为探究不同配方施肥对设施基质栽培番茄生长发育、品质和产量的影响，筛选出高产优质高效的施肥方案，以大番茄‘1437’为供试品种，在荷兰配方的基础上添加不同浓度的钾肥、蔗糖和鱼蛋白，对设施基质栽培的番茄进行施肥，测量番茄植株的生长指标和果实品质指标，结合隶属函数分析法综合评价不同施肥配方对设施基质栽培番茄品质及产量的影响。结果表明，施用在荷兰配方的基础上增加50%钾肥、蔗糖和鱼蛋白的配方(T9)后，番茄植株主根长比施用荷兰配方(CK)增加了75.84%；T9处理番茄植株地上部鲜质量、干质量较CK处理分别显著提高73%、70.07%；T9处理番茄根鲜质量、根干质量较CK处理分别显著增加60.45%、99.29%；T9处理番茄果实可溶性糖含量最高，比CK处理提升106.45%；T9处理番茄可溶性固形物最高，达到4.7%，比CK处理显著增加14.63%；T9处理番茄单株产量比CK处理显著提高38.96%。由此可见，T9处理显著促进了番茄植株的生长发育，增加了番茄植株的物质积累，改善了番茄果实品质，提高了番茄产量。

关键词: 钾, 蔗糖, 鱼蛋白, 番茄, 品质, 产量

Abstract:

The aim is to explore the effects of different formula fertilizations on the growth, quality and yield of tomato cultivated in facility substrate, aiming to screen out high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency fertilization schemes. Taking large tomato ‘1437’ as the test variety, different concentrations of potassium fertilizer, sucrose and fish protein were added on the basis of the Dutch formula to fertilize tomatoes cultivated in facility substrate. The growth indexes and fruit quality indexes of tomato plants were measured, and the effects of different fertilization formulas on the quality and yield of tomatoes cultivated in facility substrate were comprehensively evaluated by membership function analysis. The results showed that after applying the formula (T9) with 50% increase in potassium fertilizer, sucrose and fish protein on the basis of the Dutch formula, the main root length of tomato plants increased by 75.84% compared with the application of the Dutch formula (CK treatment). The fresh weight and dry weight of the aboveground part of tomato plants treated with T9 were significantly increased by 73% and 70.07% respectively compared with CK treatment. The fresh root weight and dry root weight of tomato treated with T9 were significantly increased by 60.45% and 99.29% respectively compared with CK treatment. The soluble sugar content of tomato fruits treated with T9 was the highest, which was increased by 106.45% compared with CK treatment. The soluble solids of tomato treated with T9 were the highest, reaching 4.7%, which was significantly increased by 14.63% compared with CK treatment. The yield per plant of tomato treated with T9 was significantly increased by 38.96% compared with CK treatment. Thus, T9 treatment significantly promoted the growth and development of tomato plants, increased the material accumulation of tomato plants, improved the quality of tomato fruits and increased the yield of tomatoes.

Key words: potassium, sugar, fish protein, tomato, quality, yield