不同耐旱性甘薯根系的转录组分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0439

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了从转录水平揭示不同耐旱性甘薯柴根和块根的差异，明确甘薯根系分化和耐旱性生理机制，以耐旱性强的‘济薯21’(‘JS21’)和耐旱性弱的‘济紫薯1’(‘JZ1’)为材料，通过旱棚人工控水模拟干旱，开展了不同耐旱性甘薯根系的转录组分析。结果表明，在正常供水条件下，2个品种的差异表达基因(DEGs)的GO分类和KEGG富集类似。在干旱条件下，同一品种内，‘JS21’块根与柴根间有84个差异基因富集于淀粉和蔗糖代谢途径，‘JZ1’块根与柴根间有112个差异基因富集于核糖体代谢途径；不同品种间，‘JS21’和‘JZ1’的块根间有224个差异基因，‘JS21’和‘JZ1’的柴根间有204个差异基因，均主要富集于核糖体代谢途径。通过转录因子和激素代谢途径进一步分析发现，在干旱条件下，与耐旱性弱的甘薯品种‘JZ1’相比，耐旱性强的甘薯品种‘JS21’块根中ARF类转录因子和柴根中NAC类转录因子差异表达的较多，‘JS21’块根和柴根中均是类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中基因表达上调，油菜素内酯生物合成途径中基因表达下调；同一品种内，与柴根相比，‘JS21’块根中α-亚麻酸代谢途径中基因表达上调。总之，耐旱性强的甘薯可以通过协调抗旱基因和生长转录因子表达，并平衡抗旱激素(ABA、JA)和生长激素(IAA、BR)来维持干旱条件下的淀粉和蔗糖代谢，从而在提高抗旱性的同时保证一定的产量形成。

关键词: 甘薯, 干旱, 根系, 转录组, 油菜素内酯, 转录因子

Abstract:

In order to reveal the difference between thick root (TR) and storage root (SR) of sweetpotato with difference drought tolerance from transcriptional level, and further explicit the mechanism of roots differentiation and drought tolerance by simulating field drought in dry shed with artificial water control, two varieties including ‘Jishu21’ (‘JS21’ ) with strong drought tolerance and ‘Jizishu1’ (‘JZ1’) with weak drought tolerance were chosen as research materials. Transcriptome analysis of sweet potato thick root and storage root was carried out. The results indicated GO classification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the two varieties was similar to that of KEGG enrichment. Under drought stress, 84 DEGs between SR and TR of ‘JS21’ mainly enriched the accumulation of starch and sucrose metabolic pathway, while 112 DEGs between SR and TR of ‘JZ1’ mainly enriched ribosomal metabolic pathway. Among different varieties, 224 DEGs between ‘JS21’ and ‘JZ1’ were found in SR, but 204 DEGs between ‘JS21’ and ‘JZ1’ were counted in TR, and all mainly enriched ribosomal metabolic pathway. Further analysis by transcription factors and hormones metabolism showed that ARF-like transcription factors in storage root and NAC-like transcription factors in thick root of ‘JS21’ were more differentially expressed than ‘JZ1’ under drought stress. The expression of genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway was up-regulated, while genes involved in brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway were down-regulated in both thick root and storage root of ‘JS21’. In the same variety, the gene expression of α-linolenic acid metabolic pathway in ‘JS21’ storage root was up-regulated compared with thick root. In conclusion, sweetpotato with strong drought tolerance can maintain starch and sucrose metabolism under drought conditions by coordinating the expression of drought tolerance genes and growth-related transcription factors, balancing drought tolerance hormones (ABA, JA) and growth related hormones (IAA, BR), so as to improve the drought resistance and ensure the formation of yield.

Key words: sweetpotato, drought, roots, transcriptome, brassinosteroid, transcription factors

汪宝卿, 解备涛, 张立明. 不同耐旱性甘薯根系的转录组分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(9): 47-55.

WANG Baoqing, XIE Beitao, ZHANG Liming. Transcriptome Analysis in Roots of Sweetpotato with Different Drought Tolerance[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(9): 47-55.

图/表 5

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样品	JZ1DSR	JZ1DTR	JZ1NSR	JZ1NTR	JS21DSR	JS21DTR	JS21NSR	JS21NTR
过滤后序列	50644538	50779764	49272390	49814700	49540754	50899424	50569100	49069620
可定位序列	38890983 (76.79%)	38604369 (76.02%)	37420525 (75.95%)	37580072 (75.44%)	38305429 (77.32%)	39408735 (77.42%)	39415252 (77.94%)	37539898 (76.50%)
多定位序列	3309310 (6.53%)	3280830 (6.46%)	2821602 (5.73%)	3091615 (6.21%)	2957255 (5.97%)	3254957 (6.39%)	3225467 (6.38%)	3120666 (6.36%)
单定位序列	35581673 (70.26%)	35323539 (69.56%)	34598923 (70.22%)	34488457 (69.23%)	35348174 (71.35%)	36153778 (71.03%)	36189785 (71.57%)	34419232 (70.14%)

样品	JZ1DSR	JZ1DTR	JZ1NSR	JZ1NTR	JS21DSR	JS21DTR	JS21NSR	JS21NTR
过滤后序列	50644538	50779764	49272390	49814700	49540754	50899424	50569100	49069620
可定位序列	38890983 (76.79%)	38604369 (76.02%)	37420525 (75.95%)	37580072 (75.44%)	38305429 (77.32%)	39408735 (77.42%)	39415252 (77.94%)	37539898 (76.50%)
多定位序列	3309310 (6.53%)	3280830 (6.46%)	2821602 (5.73%)	3091615 (6.21%)	2957255 (5.97%)	3254957 (6.39%)	3225467 (6.38%)	3120666 (6.36%)
单定位序列	35581673 (70.26%)	35323539 (69.56%)	34598923 (70.22%)	34488457 (69.23%)	35348174 (71.35%)	36153778 (71.03%)	36189785 (71.57%)	34419232 (70.14%)

比较组	上调转录本	下调转录本	总计
JS21NSR-JS21NTR	3755	4196	7951
JS21DSR-JS21DTR	1482	1563	3045
JZ1NSR-JZ1NTR	3741	4189	7930
JZ1DSR-JZ1DTR	1831	1876	3707
JS21NTR-JZ1NTR	5559	5771	11330
JS21NSR-JZ1NSR	5415	5227	10642
JS21DTR-JZ1DTR	5549	6452	12001
JS21DSR-JZ1DSR	5638	6373	12011

比较组	上调转录本	下调转录本	总计
JS21NSR-JS21NTR	3755	4196	7951
JS21DSR-JS21DTR	1482	1563	3045
JZ1NSR-JZ1NTR	3741	4189	7930
JZ1DSR-JZ1DTR	1831	1876	3707
JS21NTR-JZ1NTR	5559	5771	11330
JS21NSR-JZ1NSR	5415	5227	10642
JS21DTR-JZ1DTR	5549	6452	12001
JS21DSR-JZ1DSR	5638	6373	12011

比较组		转录因子家族		数量		转录因子成员
JS21NSR- JS21NTR		ARF		10		ARF2, ARF6, ARF8, ARF9,ARF19, ARF44, IAA1, IAA14, IAA27, IAA28
		bHLH		7		bHLH56, bHLH62, bHLH79, bHLH81, bHLH110, bHLH140, bHLH143
		ERF		5		ERF55, ERF106, ERF113, ERF114, RAP2-12
		GATA		2		GATA14, GATA28
		NAC		10		NAC17, NAC25, NAC31, NAC32, NAC55, NAC59, NAC79, NAC83, PER42, PER47
		MYB		9		MYB3, MYB4, MYB13, MYB14, MYB24, MYB26, MYB27, MYB48, MYB58
		WRKY		7		WRKY2, WRKY13, WRKY19, WRKY24, WRKY46, WRKY51, WRKY53
JS21DSR- JS21DTR		ARF		10		ARF4, AFR6, ARF7, ARF11, ARF13, ARF19, IAA1, IAA13, IAA14, IAA15
		bHLH		7		bHLH27, bHLH47, bHLH56, bHLH62, bHLH113, bHLH114, bHLH129
		ERF		2		ERF113, ERF114
		GATA		1		GATA8
		NAC		12		NAC17, NAC25, NAC31, NAC32, NAC55, NAC59, NAC79, NAC83, NAC86, PER15, PER42, PER51
		MYB		5		MYB4, MYB21, MYB24, MYB30, MYB80
		WRKY		2		WRKY13, WRKY19
JZ1NSR- JZ1NTR		ARF		7		ARF2, AFR4, AFR6, ARF11, ARF19, IAA13, IAA17
		bHLH		10		bHLH41, bHLH47, bHLH56, bHLH62, bHLH79, bHLH81, bHLH94, bHLH140, bHLH143, bHLH155
		ERF		1		ERF43
		GATA		1		GATA8
		NAC		6		NAC17, NAC35, PER15, PER39, PER42, PER47
		MYB		2		MYB27, MYB58
		WRKY		4		WRKY2, WRKY13, WRKY19, WRKY44
JZ1DSR- JZ1DTR		ARF		6		ARF4, AFR6, ARF11, ARF15, ARF18, IAA27
		bHLH		2		bHLH23, bHLH62
		ERF		1		ERF56
		GATA		1		GATA8
		NAC		4		NAC17, PER15, PER42, PER51
		MYB		1		MYB26
		WRKY		3		WRKY8, WRKY19, WRKY20
JS21NTR- JZ1NTR	ARF		6		AFR6, ARF11, IAA3, IAA13, IAA15, IAA27
	bHLH		5		bHLH23, bHLH62, bHLH110, bHLH123, bHLH129
	ERF		5		ERF55, ERF56, ERF106, ERF109, ERF113
	GATA		4		GATA5,GATA6, GATA8, GATA17
	NAC		14		NAC17, NAC31, NAC32, NAC35, NAC62, NAC78, NAC79, NAC83, NAC86, NAC89, PER15, PER37, PER62, PER68
	MYB		4		MYB21, MYB24, MYB124, MYB3R1
	WRKY		4		WRKY11, WRKY13, WRKY14, WRKY19
JS21NSR -JZ1NSR	ARF		7		AFR4, AFR6, ARF11, IAA3, IAA13, IAA14, IAA27
	bHLH		10		bHLH23, bHLH47, bHLH62, bHLH110, bHLH113, bHLH122, bHLH123, bHLH129, bHLH140, bHLH150
	ERF		6		ERF8, ERF55, ERF56, ERF106, ERF113, ERF114
	GATA		3		GATA14, GATA17, GATA28
	NAC		14		NAC17, NAC25, NAC31, NAC32, NAC35, NAC56, NAC59, NAC78, NAC79, NAC83, NAC86, NAC89, PER37, PER47
	MYB		0		null
	WRKY		16		WRKY2, WRKY8, WRKY11, WRKY12, WRKY13, WRKY14, WRKY19, WRKY24, WRKY45, WRKY46, WRKY47, WRKY48, WRKY51, WRKY53, WRKY60, WRKY70
JS21DTR -JZ1DTR	ARF		8		AFR4, AFR6, ARF11, AFR15, ARF18,IAA6, IAA13, IAA27
	bHLH		8		bHLH23, bHLH62, bHLH110, bHLH123, bHLH129, bHLH140, bHLH143, bHLH150
	ERF		6		ERF55, ERF56, ERF113, ERF114, RAP2-2, RAP2-12
	GATA		4		GATA6, GATA14, GATA17, GATA28
	NAC		9		NAC17, NAC25, NAC31, NAC55, NAC56, NAC59, NAC78, NAC86, PER15
	MYB		5		MYB4, MYB14, MYB21, MYB24, MYB27
	WRKY		7		WRKY2, WRKY3, WRKY8, WRKY11, WRKY19, WRKY40, WRKY60
JS21DSR -JZ1DSR	ARF		11		AFR4, AFR6, ARF10, ARF11, AFR13, IAA1, IAA13, IAA14, IAA15, IAA27, IAA28
	bHLH		8		bHLH56, bHLH62, bHLH79, bHLH110, bHLH123, bHLH129, bHLH140, bHLH143
	ERF		3		ERF55, ERF56, RAP2-12
	GATA		3		GATA7, GATA8, GATA20
	NAC		9		NAC31, NAC32, NAC55, NAC56, NAC62, NAC78, NAC79, NAC86, PER47
	MYB		4		MYB14, MYB24, MYB27, MYB86
	WRKY		7		WRKY2, WRKY8, WRKY11, WRKY13, WRKY46, WRKY48, WRKY60