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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (29): 15-23.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0528

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

室温不同贮藏年限对野生型箭筈豌豆种子萌发及生理特性的影响

王红林1,2(), 吴子周1,2, 左艳春1,2, 严旭1,2, 袁正才1,2, 邓榆川3, 肖蔹4, 陈慧4, 寇晶1,2, 杜周和1,2()   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院特种经济动植物研究所, 四川南充 637000
    2 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所/饲用作物种质创新与利用南充市重点实验室, 四川南充 637000
    3 四川省草业技术研究推广中心, 成都 610041
    4 南充市农业农村局, 四川南充 637000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-21 修回日期:2025-06-15 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-22
  • 通讯作者:
    杜周和,男,1968年出生,四川南充人,研究员,博士,研究方向:饲草遗传育种。通信地址:637000 四川南充顺庆区合众街97号 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    王红林,男,1989年出生,甘肃临洮人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向:饲草遗传育种及其高产栽培。通信地址:637000 四川南充顺庆区合众街97号 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    南充市推进乡村振兴项目“高蛋白饲用作物优异资源发掘及产业应用”(23XCZX0025); 四川省农业科学院“1+9”揭榜挂帅科技攻关“综合种养核心技术及智能农机装备”(1+9KJGG008); 第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集行动“四川项目组”(111821301354052034); 农业种质资源普查“农业种质资源普查项目-牧草”(51000023T000009852064)

Effect of Storage Years at Room Temperature on Seed Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Wild-type Vicia sativa

WANG Honglin1,2(), WU Zizhou1,2, ZUO Yanchun1,2, YAN Xu1,2, YUAN Zhengcai1,2, DENG Yuchuan3, XIAO Lian4, CHEN Hui4, KOU Jing1,2, DU Zhouhe1,2()   

  1. 1 Institute of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000
    2 Sericulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Forage Crops Germplasm Innovation and Production Management Key Laboratory of Nanchong City, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000
    3 Sichuan Grass Industry Technology Research and Promotion Center, Chengdu 610041
    4 Nanchong Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000
  • Received:2025-03-21 Revised:2025-06-15 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-10-22

摘要:

本研究旨在探究室温贮藏年限对野生型箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.) 种子萌发特性及生理生化特征的影响规律。选取贮藏0~2 a的种子为实验材料,综合分析其萌发指标动态变化、种皮元素组成、营养物质含量、抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)积累特征。结果显示:(1)随贮藏年限增加,种子硬实率显著(P<0.05)下降;贮藏2 a时发芽率(98.52%)与发芽势(97.43%)达峰值,种皮颜色由灰转变为红褐色。(2)种皮钙(3911.64 μg/g)和铝(18.09 μg/g)含量显著下降(P<0.05),而钾(5152.93 μg/g)、铁(92.92 μg/g)、锰(37.43 μg/g)含量显著上升。(3)过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈先升高后降低趋势,贮藏1 a时最高(346.76 μmol/g);过氧化物酶(POD)活性显著下降(P<0.05),贮藏2 a时达最低值(232.00 U/g);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性总体下降(贮藏0 a最高,463.03 U/g);丙二醛(MDA)含量显著上升(P<0.05),贮藏2 a达峰值(9.04 nmol/g)。(4)可溶性蛋白与淀粉含量先升高后略降低,贮藏2 a时达最低值(分别为51.43 mg/g和60.02 mg/g);可溶性糖含量持续上升,贮藏2 a最高(8.05 mg/g);种皮木质素含量无显著变化(P>0.05)。(5)相关性分析显示,发芽势、发芽率及MDA含量与硬实率呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与种皮颜色呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,室温贮藏2 a的野生型箭筈豌豆种子活力强,是理想的播种材料。

关键词: 野生型箭筈豌豆, 室温贮藏, 种子萌发, 酶活性, 种皮, 丙二醛, 硬实

Abstract:

To elucidate the effects of room-temperature storage duration on seed germination and physiological characteristics in wild-type Vicia sativa L., this study used seeds stored for 0-2 years to systematically determine dynamic changes in germination parameters, seed coat elemental composition, nutrient contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. The results demonstrated that: (1) the hard seed rate significantly decreased (P<0.05) with increasing storage duration. Both germination percentage (98.52%) and germination potential (97.43%) peaked after 2 years of storage, while seed coat color shifted from gray to reddish-brown. (2) Seed coat calcium (Ca: 3911.64 μg/g) and aluminum (Al: 18.09 μg/g) contents significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas potassium (K: 5152.93 μg/g), iron (Fe: 92.92 μg/g), and manganese (Mn: 37.43 μg/g) contents significantly increased. (3) Catalase (CAT) activity first increased then decreased, peaking at 346.76 μmol/g after 1 year. Peroxidase (POD) activity significantly declined (P<0.05) to its lowest (232.00 U/g) after 2 years. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased overall, with the highest value (463.03 U/g) at initial storage (0 year). MDA content increased significantly (P<0.05), reaching 9.04 nmol/g at 2 years. (4) Soluble protein (SP) and starch contents initially rose then slightly declined, bottoming at 51.43 mg/g and 60.02 mg/g (respectively) after 2 years. Soluble sugar (SS) content increased steadily, peaking at 8.05 mg/g at 2 years. Lignin content in seed coats showed no significant change (P>0.05). (5) Correlation analysis revealed that germination potential, germination percentage, and MDA content were significantly negatively correlated (P<0.05) with the hard seed rate, and significantly positively correlated (P<0.05) with seed coat color. In conclusion, wild-type Vicia sativa seeds stored at room temperature for 2 years exhibit high vigor and are ideal sowing material.

Key words: wild-type Vicia sativa, room temperature storage, seed germination, enzyme activity, seed coat, MDA, hard seed