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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (14): 61-67.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0743

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

河北谷子产区土壤肥力分布特征及其驱动因素

唐锐1(), 赵旭1, 封乾1, 孟金薇2, 王正3, 刘克桐1()   

  1. 1 河北省耕地质量监测保护中心，石家庄 050052
    2 邢台市任泽区农业农村局，河北邢台 055150
    3 河北省农业项目监测中心，石家庄 050052
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-27 修回日期:2025-03-06 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-14
  • 通讯作者:
    刘克桐，男，1973年出生，河北青县人，推广研究员，本科，主要从事土壤改良、培肥和植物营养方面的工作。通信地址：050052 河北省石家庄市桥西区中华南大街48号 河北省耕地质量监测保护中心，Tel：0311-66650610，Email：。
  • 作者简介:

    唐锐，男，1997年出生，河北邯郸人，助理农艺师，硕士，主要从事植物营养调控、土壤培肥改良工作。通信地址：050052 河北省石家庄市桥西区中华南大街48号 河北省耕地质量监测保护中心，Tel：0311-66650762，Email：。

  • 基金资助:
    河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资助(HBCT2024080401)

Distribution Characteristics of Soil Fertility and Its Driving Factors in Millet Production Area of Hebei Province

TANG Rui1(), ZHAO Xu1, FENG Qian1, MENG Jinwei2, WANG Zheng3, LIU Ketong1()   

  1. 1 Hebei Province Cultivated land Quality Monitoring and Protection Center, Shijiazhuang 050052
    2 Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Renze District, Xingtai City, Xingtai, Hebei 055150
    3 Hebei Agricultural Project Monitoring Center, Shijiazhuang 050052
  • Received:2024-11-27 Revised:2025-03-06 Published:2025-05-15 Online:2025-05-14

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摘要：

本研究基于河北省耕地质量评价监测点位数据，运用修正内梅罗指数法测算土壤肥力指数，并借助随机森林模型剖析其驱动因素，旨在为河北省谷子生产提供理论支撑。方差分析显示，河北谷子产区土壤肥力评价因子分别为全氮1.15 g/kg、有机质19.55 g/kg、有效磷34.47 mg/kg、速效钾165.56 mg/kg、pH 7.64。全氮、有机质、速效钾含量以及pH均在冀南地区最高，分别为1.28 g/kg、21.44 g/kg、197.2 mg/kg、pH 8.14，有效磷含量在冀东地区最高达67.16 mg/kg。河北谷子主产区平均土壤肥力指数为1.21，主要驱动因素为有效磷>速效钾>pH>有机质>全氮。从分布情况来看，四级、五级耕地主要分布在冀北、冀东地区，三级及以上耕地主要分布在冀中、冀南地区。冀东地区的土壤肥力指数受速效钾驱动效果最强；冀南、冀北、冀中地区的土壤肥力指数受有效磷驱动效果最强。相关性分析表明，全氮、有机质、有效磷、速效钾之间两两显著正相关，均与土壤肥力指数呈极显著正相关关系；pH与有效磷呈极显著负相关，与速效钾、海拔呈极显著正相关；海拔与速效钾呈极显著正相关。河北谷子产区土壤肥力处于中等偏上水平，但存在分布差异，且有较大提升潜力，三级(IFI=1.2~1.5)及以上耕地占总面积的49.46%，呈西北低、东南高趋势。研究证实，河北谷子产区土壤肥力总体处于中等偏上水平（三级及以上耕地占比 49.46%），呈西北低、东南高态势，速效养分对肥力指数贡献更优。但肥力指数、养分含量与谷子产量的关联机制仍需通过区域试验进一步探究。

关键词: 耕地, 养分, 内梅罗指数法, 克里金插值, 河北谷子产区, 土壤肥力指数, 随机森林模型, 驱动因素, 空间分布

Abstract:

The aim was to clarify the distribution characteristics and driving factors of soil fertility in the production area of millet in Hebei Province, and provide a theoretical basis for the practice of millet production. This study was based on the data of cultivated land quality evaluation monitoring points in Hebei Province, the modified Nemerow index method was used to calculate the soil fertility index, and the main driving factors of soil fertility index were evaluated according to the random forest results. The analysis of variance showed that the average values of total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH were 1.15 g/kg, 19.55 g/kg, 34.47 mg/kg, 165.56 mg/kg and pH 7.64, respectively. The contents of total nitrogen, organic matter, available potassium and pH were the highest in southern Hebei, which were 1.28 g/kg, 21.44 g/kg, 197.2 mg/kg and pH 8.14, respectively, and the available phosphorus content was the highest in eastern Hebei (67.16 mg/kg). The average soil fertility index of the main millet producing areas in Hebei Province was 1.21, with the primary driving factors ranking as available phosphorus>available potassium>pH>organic matter>total nitrogen. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the fourth and fifthgrade cultivated lands were predominantly located in northern and eastern Hebei, and the thirdgrade and above cultivated lands were mainly distributed in central and southern Hebei. The soil fertility index in eastern Hebei region was most strongly influenced by available potassium, whereas in southern, northern and central Hebei, it was primarily driven by available phosphorus. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium, and all of them were significantly positively correlated with soil fertility index. pH value was significantly negatively correlated with available phosphorus, and positively correlated with available potassium and elevation. There was a significant positive correlation between elevation and available potassium. The soil fertility in Hebei millet production area was at the upper middle level, but there were distribution differences, and there was great potential for improvement. The cultivated land of grade 3 (IFI=1.2~1.5) and above accounted for 49.46% of the total area, exhibiting a trend of lower fertility in the northwest and higher fertility in the southeast. On the whole, the available nutrients (available potassium and available phosphorus) had a stronger driving effect on soil fertility index than total nutrients, but the relationship between fertility index, nutrient content and millet yield remain unclear, necessitating further indepth research through regional experiments in the future.

Key words: cultivated land, nutrient, Nemerow index method, Kriging interpolation, Hebei millet production area, soil fertility index, random forest model, driving factors, spatial distribution