武夷山不同茶区茶青生态化学计量学特征比较

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0003

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (20): 74-79.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0003

武夷山不同茶区茶青生态化学计量学特征比较

王继周¹^,²(), 王栋琨², 谢微¹^,², 尹传华²(), 石秋梅², 李焰焰²

¹ 福建农林大学园艺学院，福州 350002
² 武夷学院茶与食品学院，福建武夷山 354300

收稿日期:2024-12-23 修回日期:2025-05-19 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-21
通讯作者:
尹传华，男，1976年出生，新疆米泉人，副研究员，博士，主要从事茶园生态管理和土壤改良研究。通信地址：354300 福建省武夷山市百花路358号武夷学院，Tel：0599-5137553，E-mail：yinchh2006@126.com。
作者简介:
王继周，男，2001年出生，山东济南人，硕士研究生，研究方向：茶树栽培生理与生态。通信地址：350002 福建省福州市仓山区上下店路15号福建农林大学，Tel：0591-83702857，E-mail：wjizhou666@163.com。
基金资助:
福建省自然科学基金项目“武夷山地区不同类型岩茶生态化学计量特征与茶叶品质形成关系研究”(2020J01409); 武夷学院高级人才引进项目“不同种植年限茶园土壤质量的演变规律”(YJ201807)

Comparison of Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics in Fresh Tea Leaves among Tea-Growing Regions of Wuyi Mountain

WANG Jizhou¹^,²(), WANG Dongkun², XIE Wei¹^,², YIN Chuanhua²(), SHI Qiumei², LI Yanyan²

¹ School of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002
² School of Tea and Food, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, Fujian 354300

Received:2024-12-23 Revised:2025-05-19 Published:2025-07-15 Online:2025-07-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为从生态化学计量学角度区分武夷山正岩、半岩与洲茶三大茶区茶青的特征，在福建武夷山国家公园内开展研究，于2021年7月12—31日采集茶青和土壤样品，比较肉桂茶青碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及其生态化学计量值和碳同位素自然丰度(δ¹³C)。结果表明：在秋季追肥前，正岩区茶青的N含量为24.81 g/kg，明显高于半岩区(22.26 g/kg)和洲茶区(22.31 g/kg)。正岩区茶青的δ¹³C为-29.79‰，明显低于半岩区(-29.09‰)和洲茶区(-28.50‰)。正岩区茶青N:P为16.04，明显高于半岩区的14.14和洲茶区的14.21。研究发现：（1）茶青N含量、N:P及δ¹³C可将正岩区肉桂与其余2个茶区的肉桂区分开；（2）正岩区肉桂生长慢，水分利用率低，生长受P元素限制；而另2个茶区肉桂生长快，水分利用率高且生长受N和P元素共同限制。这可能是3个茶区茶青品质存在差异的原因之一。

关键词: 武夷山, 茶青, 生态化学计量学, 碳, 氮, 磷

Abstract:

To distinguish the characteristics of fresh leaves of tea plants from the Zhengyan, Banyan and Zhoucha tea regions in Wuyi Mountain from an ecological stoichiometry perspective, the study was conducted at Wuyi Mountain National Park in July 12-31, 2021. We compared the carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents, stoichiometric ratios and the natural abundance of carbon isotopes (δ13C) of tea (Cinnamomum cassia) plants leaves. The results showed that prior to autumn fertilization, the N content of fresh tea leaves in the Zhengyan area (24.81 g/kg) was significantly higher than those in the Banyan (22.26 g/kg) and Zhoucha (22.31 g/kg) areas. The δ13C value of Zhengyan fresh tea leaves (-29.79‰) was markedly lower than those of Banyan (-29.09‰) and Zhoucha (-28.50‰) regions. Additionally, The N:P ratio in Zhengyan fresh tea leaves (16.04) significantly exceeded those of the Banyan (14.14) and Zhoucha (14.21) areas. So, we could draw conclusions as followed. (1) The N content, N:P ratio and δ13C values could effectively differentiate fresh tea leaves in the Zhengyan region from those of the other two regions. (2) Zhengyan tea plants exhibited slower growth rates, lower water use efficiency, and the growth was limited by phosphorus, whereas tea plants in the Banyan and Zhoucha regions demonstrated faster growth, higher water use efficiency, and the growth was co-limited by both N and P. These physiological and stoichiometric disparities might contribute to variations in tea quality among the three regions.

Key words: Wuyi Mountain, tea leaves, ecological stoichiometry, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P)

王继周, 王栋琨, 谢微, 尹传华, 石秋梅, 李焰焰. 武夷山不同茶区茶青生态化学计量学特征比较[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(20): 74-79.

WANG Jizhou, WANG Dongkun, XIE Wei, YIN Chuanhua, SHI Qiumei, LI Yanyan. Comparison of Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics in Fresh Tea Leaves among Tea-Growing Regions of Wuyi Mountain[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(20): 74-79.

图/表 6

参考文献 47

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茶区分类	采样地点	海拔/m	经纬度
正岩	北斗峰、水帘洞口、青石岩(2)、水帘洞、牛栏坑、天心禅寺旁、倒水坑、鹰嘴岩、慧苑寺、流香涧、好汉坡、章堂涧、马头岩(2)、悟源涧	233.80~359.94	117°57'05"—117°58'26"E 27°39'97"—27°41'16"N
半岩	前兰(2)、乌龟山、梅子桥、樟树村、小武夷、武夷学院后山、燕子窠、一线天、白云寺、黄柏村太庙、官庄	209.54~283.99	117°55'47"—118°0'02"E 27°44'32"—27°36'45"N
洲茶	牛坪、观音岩、兴田镇(3)、五夫镇(2)、上梅码头(2)、洋庄乡浆溪村吴三地(2)、洋庄乡浆溪村长滩、黄柏村官埠头(2)、黄柏村江敦、下梅村清香涧茶厂附近	182.70~674.35	117°0'21"—118°13'0"E 27°29'91"—27°45'38"N

茶区分类	采样地点	海拔/m	经纬度
正岩	北斗峰、水帘洞口、青石岩(2)、水帘洞、牛栏坑、天心禅寺旁、倒水坑、鹰嘴岩、慧苑寺、流香涧、好汉坡、章堂涧、马头岩(2)、悟源涧	233.80~359.94	117°57'05"—117°58'26"E 27°39'97"—27°41'16"N
半岩	前兰(2)、乌龟山、梅子桥、樟树村、小武夷、武夷学院后山、燕子窠、一线天、白云寺、黄柏村太庙、官庄	209.54~283.99	117°55'47"—118°0'02"E 27°44'32"—27°36'45"N
洲茶	牛坪、观音岩、兴田镇(3)、五夫镇(2)、上梅码头(2)、洋庄乡浆溪村吴三地(2)、洋庄乡浆溪村长滩、黄柏村官埠头(2)、黄柏村江敦、下梅村清香涧茶厂附近	182.70~674.35	117°0'21"—118°13'0"E 27°29'91"—27°45'38"N

位置	SOC/(g/kg)	CV/%	N/(g/kg)	CV/%	P/(g/kg)	CV/%
正岩	14.40±4.37a	26.41	1.56±0.08a	21.75	3.29±0.19a	19.85
半岩	17.03±1.18a	38.5	1.55±0.15a	33.71	3.02±0.15b	17.2
洲茶	16.65±1.70a	30.75	1.17±0.14a	37.11	3.03±0.20ab	24.12

位置	SOC/(g/kg)	CV/%	N/(g/kg)	CV/%	P/(g/kg)	CV/%
正岩	14.40±4.37a	26.41	1.56±0.08a	21.75	3.29±0.19a	19.85
半岩	17.03±1.18a	38.5	1.55±0.15a	33.71	3.02±0.15b	17.2
洲茶	16.65±1.70a	30.75	1.17±0.14a	37.11	3.03±0.20ab	24.12

茶区	C/(g/kg)	δ¹³C/‰	N/(g/kg)	P/(g/kg)
正岩	48.12±0.40a	-29.79±0.87b	24.90±0.52a	1.56±0.04a
半岩	47.26±0.40a	-29.09±1.14ab	22.53±0.56b	1.60±0.03a
洲茶	47.08±0.33a	-28.50±1.03a	22.77±0.90b	1.62±0.06a

武夷山不同茶区茶青生态化学计量学特征比较

Comparison of Ecological Stoichiometric Characteristics in Fresh Tea Leaves among Tea-Growing Regions of Wuyi Mountain

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茶区	C:N	C:P	N:P
正岩	1.94±0.04a	31.35±1.20a	16.20±0.62a
半岩	2.11±0.05a	29.69±0.68a	14.10±0.31b
洲茶	2.13±0.12a	29.63±1.04a	14.24±0.66b

地点	C	N	P	C:N	C:P	N:P
正岩	0.04	0.15	0.02	0.05	0.15	0.26
半岩	0.04	0.07	0.02	0.02	0.03	0.04
洲茶	0.03	0.20	0.11	0.02	0.14	0.13

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