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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (30): 8-17.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0127

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

耐盐碱菌株的筛选及其对玉米幼苗促生效果的评估

王娜娜1(), 何宗均2, 董昱辰3, 路垚2(), 路来风1, 赵琳娜2, 沈晓梅3   

  1. 1 天津市食品质量与健康重点实验室， 天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院， 天津 300457
    2 天津市农业科学院， 天津 300380
    3 天津亚派绿肥生物科技发展有限公司， 天津 301606
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-24 修回日期:2025-04-15 出版日期:2025-10-25 发布日期:2025-11-04
  • 通讯作者:
    路垚，女，1989年出生，内蒙古通辽人，助理研究员，硕士研究生，硕士，研究方向：预防兽医学（微生物方向）。通信地址：300380 天津市西青区津静公路17公里处农科院生物中心楼，天津市农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所，Tel：022-27950687，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    王娜娜，女，1999年出生，内蒙古乌海人，在读研究生，主要从事土壤微生物方向的研究。通信地址：300457 天津经济技术开发区第十三大街29号-逸夫楼，天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院，Tel：022-60912584，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划子课题“盐碱地新型土壤改良剂与肥料产品研发”(2021YFD190090501); 天津市科技计划项目“菌株的耐盐促生机理及其在菌剂研发中的应用研究”(24YDTPJC00420)

Screening of Salt-Alkali-Tolerant Bacterial Strains and Evaluation of Their Growth-Promoting Effects on Maize Seedlings

WANG Nana1(), HE Zongjun2, DONG Yuchen3, LU Yao2(), LU Laifeng1, ZHAO Linna2, SHEN Xiaomei3   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health in Tianjin, College of Food science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457
    2 Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300380
    3 Tianjin Yapai Green Fertilizer Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd, Tianjin 301606
  • Received:2025-02-24 Revised:2025-04-15 Published:2025-10-25 Online:2025-11-04

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摘要：

土壤盐碱化作为制约农业生产的全球性生态难题，其生物修复技术备受关注。本研究聚焦耐盐促生微生物的开发与应用，从天津典型盐碱土中筛选出3株具有显著促生功能的耐盐菌株（WQ-08、WQ-26、BH-39），经16S rRNA基因序列分析分别鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、巨大普斯里斯特氏菌(Priestia megaterium)和短小芽孢杆菌(B. pumilus)。通过砂培模拟实验，探究其在100 mmol/L NaCl盐胁迫下对玉米幼苗（MC812）的缓解效应。结果显示，接种上述菌株可有效逆转盐胁迫导致玉米幼苗MC812的生长抑制，其中WQ-08处理组的株高、茎叶和根干重较其他处理分别提升33.32%、37.04%和36.84%；BH-39处理组根长、茎叶和根鲜重较其他处理分别增加27.33%、29.35%和30.55%。生理指标表明，各处理组玉米幼苗抗氧化酶活性显著降低，如玉米幼苗超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性下降9.77%、5.60%和7.71%，过氧化物酶(POD)活性下降了20.44%、22.24%和25.27%，过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性下降了34.46%、31.27%和23.28%(P<0.05)。研究表明，3株菌株兼具耐盐性与促生能力，可有效缓解玉米幼苗盐胁迫损伤，为盐碱地作物改良提供了潜在微生物资源。

关键词: 盐碱化, 微生物修复, 盐碱地改良, 玉米, 盐胁迫, 耐盐促生, 天津市

Abstract:

Soil salinization is a global ecological problem restricting agricultural production, and its bioremediation technology has attracted much attention. In this study, salt-tolerant strains were isolated from saline-alkaline soil in Tianjin, and the salt-promoting ability of the strains on maize seedlings was assessed by NaCl medium screening, 16S rRNA gene identification, and sand culture test. Three salt-promoting strains (WQ-08, WQ-26, and BH-39) were isolated and identified as Bacillus subtilis, Priestia megaterium, and B. pumilus, respectively. Under 100 mmol/L NaCl salt stress, when strains WQ-08, WQ-26 and BH-39 were respectively added for co-cultivation with maize seedlings, the growth inhibition of maize seedling MC812 was significantly alleviated: the plant height, stem-leaf dry weight and root dry weight in the WQ-08 treatment group increased significantly by 33.32%, 37.04% and 36.84% respectively compared with other treatments, while the root length, stem-leaf fresh weight and root fresh weight in the BH-39 treatment group increased significantly by 27.33%, 29.35% and 30.55% respectively compared with other treatments. Physiological indexes showed that the antioxidant enzyme activity of maize seedlings in each treatment group decreased significantly. In the strains WQ-08, WQ-26, and BH-39 treatment groups, the SOD activity of maize seedlings decreased by 9.77%, 5.60% and 7.71%, the POD activity by 20.44%, 22.24% and 25.27%, and the CAT activity by 34.46%, 31.27% and 23.28% (P<0.05). The study demonstrated that the three strains possessed both salt tolerance and growth-promoting abilities, which effectively alleviated the salt stress damage to maize seedlings and provided potential microbial resources for crop improvement in saline and alkaline areas.

Key words: salinization, microbial remediation, improvement of saline-alkali land, corn, salt stress, salt tolerance and growth promotion, Tianjin