模拟干旱胁迫对苦豆子种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0247

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在探究以不同浓度(10%、20%、40%、60%)聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱胁迫环境，对苦豆子种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响机制。选取苦豆子种子与幼苗作为实验材料，构建多梯度 PEG-6000处理体系模拟干旱条件，并对种子萌发及幼苗生长阶段的形态学特征与生理学指标展开全面测定与系统分析。研究结果表明，在种子萌发阶段，苦豆子种子发芽率及胚根生长所对应的PEG耐受阈值为40%，而发芽势与发芽指数的耐受阈值为20%；进入幼苗期后，侧根和地上部分对PEG的耐受阈值降至10%，主根和总生物量的耐受阈值为20%。从生理指标来看，当PEG浓度≤40%时，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量呈浓度依赖性递增趋势；当PEG浓度达到60%时，二者含量则出现下降；超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量却随PEG浓度升高呈现持续上升态势。综上所述，PEG模拟干旱胁迫能够显著抑制苦豆子种子萌发及幼苗生长，且幼苗期对干旱胁迫更为敏感；当PEG浓度≥40%时，超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)在抵御干旱胁迫导致的生理伤害过程中发挥着积极作用。

关键词: 苦豆子, PEG模拟干旱胁迫, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长, 抗氧化酶, 脯氨酸, 形态指标, 渗透胁迫

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the effects of drought stress simulated by different concentrations of PEG-6000 (10%, 20%, 40%, 60%) on seed germination and seedling growth of Sophora alopecuroides. Using seeds and seedlings of S. alopecuroides as test materials, the experiment simulated drought conditions with the above-mentioned concentrations of PEG-6000, and determined and analyzed the morphological and physiological indices during seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that at the seed germination stage, the PEG tolerance threshold for germination rate and radicle growth of S. alopecuroides seeds was 40%, while that for germination energy and germination index was 20%; after entering the seedling stage, the tolerance threshold of lateral roots and above-ground parts to PEG was 10%, and that of taproots and total biomass was 20%. Determination of physiological indices revealed that when PEG concentration was ≤40%, the contents of APX and Pro increased in a concentration-dependent manner, but decreased at 60%, whereas SOD content increased continuously with the increase of PEG concentration. In summary, PEG-simulated drought stress significantly inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of S. alopecuroides, with the seedling stage being more sensitive to stress; when PEG concentration was ≥40%, SOD played an active role in resisting physiological damage.

Key words: Sophora alopecuroides, PEG-simulated drought stress, seed germination, seedling growth, antioxidant enzymes, proline, morphological indices, osmotic stress

高英琪, 刘兵兵. 模拟干旱胁迫对苦豆子种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(32): 82-87.

GAO Yingqi, LIU Bingbing. Effects of Simulated Drought Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Sophora alopecuroides[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(32): 82-87.

图/表 7

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PEG浓度/%	时间/d	侧根净生长量/mg	主根净生长量/mg	茎净生长量/mg
CK	3	+200±2.3^ab	+145±3.22^c	+281.5±2.48^d
CK	7	+400±4.5^d	+323±6.36^e	+412±4.92^f
10%	3	+110±3.22^a	+130±1.72^bc	+248±3.81^cd
10%	7	-233±3.17^b	+122±1.43^b	+292±3.10^d
20%	3	-247±4.33^bc	+120±1.92^b	-90±1.01^a
20%	7	-235±3.17^b	+88±0.78^a	-132±1.93^b
40%	3	-317±2.87^c	-92±0.89^ab	-217.4±2.81^c
40%	7	-378±3.56^cd	-143±1.28^c	-322±2.83^e
60%	3	-400±4.67^d	-238±1.39^d	-315.6±4.92^e
60%	7	-513±7.13^e	-455±2.73^f	-415.4±5.92^f

PEG浓度/%	时间/d	侧根净生长量/mg	主根净生长量/mg	茎净生长量/mg
CK	3	+200±2.3^ab	+145±3.22^c	+281.5±2.48^d
CK	7	+400±4.5^d	+323±6.36^e	+412±4.92^f
10%	3	+110±3.22^a	+130±1.72^bc	+248±3.81^cd
10%	7	-233±3.17^b	+122±1.43^b	+292±3.10^d
20%	3	-247±4.33^bc	+120±1.92^b	-90±1.01^a
20%	7	-235±3.17^b	+88±0.78^a	-132±1.93^b
40%	3	-317±2.87^c	-92±0.89^ab	-217.4±2.81^c
40%	7	-378±3.56^cd	-143±1.28^c	-322±2.83^e
60%	3	-400±4.67^d	-238±1.39^d	-315.6±4.92^e
60%	7	-513±7.13^e	-455±2.73^f	-415.4±5.92^f