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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (22): 148-155.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0253

• 食品·营养·检测·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

雪茄烟叶主流烟气粒相物中有机酸含量及差异分析

陈琦1,2(), 周婷1,2, 雷金山1,2, 叶科媛1,2, 刘仡1,2, 刘力1,2, 黄明月1,2, 晋伊乐1,2, 张静3, 岳小淋3, 谭文渊3, 李萍3()   

  1. 1 四川中烟工业有限责任公司长城雪茄烟厂，四川什邡 618400
    2 厅市共建国产雪茄烟叶工业高效利用四川省重点实验室，四川什邡 618400
    3 四川轻化工大学化学工程学院，四川自贡 643000
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31 修回日期:2025-07-18 出版日期:2025-08-05 发布日期:2025-08-11
  • 通讯作者:
    李萍，女，1998年出生，四川广元人，在读硕士研究生，主要从事痕量分析检测研究。通信地址：643000 四川省自贡市四川轻化工大学汇南校区，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    陈琦，女，1998年出生，四川德阳人，助理工程师，硕士，主要从事雪茄烟叶调制技术研究。通信地址：618400 四川中烟长城雪茄烟厂技术中心，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    厅市共建国产雪茄烟叶工业高效利用四川省重点实验室“国产雪茄烟叶原料烟气特征分析及品质特征相关性探究”(ychx-2023-02)

Determination and Difference Analysis of Organic Acid Content in Particulate Matter of Mainstream Smoke of Cigar Leaves

CHEN Qi1,2(), ZHOU Ting1,2, LEI Jinshan1,2, YE Keyuan1,2, LIU Yi1,2, LIU Li1,2, HUANG Mingyue1,2, JIN Yile1,2, ZHANG Jing3, YUE Xiaolin3, TAN Wenyuan3, LI Ping3()   

  1. 1 Great Wall Cigar Factory, China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd., Shifang, Sichuan 618400
    2 Industrial Efficient Utilization of Domestic Cigar Tobacco Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Shifang, Sichuan 618400
    3 School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan 643000
  • Received:2025-03-31 Revised:2025-07-18 Published:2025-08-05 Online:2025-08-11

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摘要：

为明确雪茄烟主流烟气中有机酸含量的差异及其与烟叶部位、等级、产地的关联性，本研究建立了基于气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)选择离子检测模式(SIM)的分析方法。以甲醇为提取溶剂，通过超声提取捕获主流烟气总粒相物(TPM)的剑桥滤片（添加内标乙酸苯乙酯），对17种有机酸进行定量分析，并优化前处理条件。结果显示，该方法的检出限为0.0684~1.1798 μg/支，定量限为0.2277~3.9289 μg/支，加标回收率为81.03%~117.16%，相对标准偏差为3.33%~11.00%，线性关系良好(R2≥0.9982），满足定量检测要求。应用该方法对49个国内外雪茄样品（中国云南15个、海南6个、湖北8个、四川9个，多米尼加11个）进行分析，发现上部和中部烟叶烟气中有机酸含量显著高于下部烟叶；一级烟叶烟气中有机酸含量高于二级和三级烟叶；国内产区（云南、海南、湖北、四川）与国外产区（多米尼加）的有机酸组成存在互补性，且受生态条件与烟叶化学成分调控。研究表明，雪茄烟主流烟气中有机酸含量差异与烟叶部位、等级及产地存在一定关联性，可为雪茄烟品质评价及分类提供科学依据。

关键词: 雪茄, 烟气, 总粒相物, 超声提取, 气相色谱质谱联用仪, 有机酸

Abstract:

This study aimed to explore the disparities in organic acid content within cigar smoke and its correlations with different parts, grades, and origins of cigars. In the study, an analytical method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) selective ion detection mode (SIM) was established. Using methanol as the extraction solvent, through the Cambridge filter (adding internal standard phenethyl acetate) for capturing total particulate matter (TPM) in mainstream smoke by ultrasonic extraction, 17 kinds of organic acids were quantitatively analyzed, and the pretreatment conditions were optimized. The results indicated that the detection limit of this method ranged from 0.0684 to 1.1798 μg/cig, the quantitative limit from 0.2277 to 3.9289 μg/cig, the recovery rate from 81.03% to 117.16%, and the relative standard deviation from 3.33% to 11.00%. The linear relationship was good (R2≥0.9982), which met the requirements of quantitative detection. Using this method, 49 cigar samples (15 from Yunnan, 6 from Hainan, 8 from Hubei, 9 from Sichuan, and 11 from Dominica) were analyzed. The results showed that the content of organic acids in the upper and middle tobacco leaves was significantly higher than that in the lower tobacco leaves. The content of organic acids in smoke of the first grade tobacco leaves was higher than that of the second and third grade tobacco leaves. The composition of organic acids in domestic producing areas and foreign producing areas (Dominica) is complementary, and is regulated by ecological conditions and chemical components of tobacco leaves. There exists a certain correlation between the differences in organic acid content in cigar mainstream smoke and the position, grade, and origin of the cigars. This method holds reference significance for the analysis and classification evaluation of organic acid content in the mainstream smoke of different types of cigars.

Key words: cigar, smoke, total particulate matter (TPM), ultrasonic extraction, GC-MS, organic acid