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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (18): 57-64.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0024

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于主成分分析对不同采收时间雪茄烟叶品质的综合评价

郭依典1(), 丁松爽1, 张凯1, 全益华2, 王振华2, 谭永浩1,3, 裴禹冰1, 时向东1()   

  1. 1 河南农业大学烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,郑州 450046
    2 湖南省烟草公司张家界市公司,湖南张家界 427000
    3 四川中烟工业有限责任公司,成都 610017
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-03 修回日期:2025-05-17 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-06
  • 通讯作者:
    时向东,男,1966年出生,河南南阳人,教授,博士,研究方向:雪茄烟栽培和晾制。通信地址:450046 郑州市郑东新区龙子湖高校园区15号,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    郭依典,男,2000年出生,河南郑州人,硕士研究生,研究方向:雪茄烟晾制。通信地址:450046 郑州市郑东新区龙子湖高校园区15号,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    湖南省烟草公司科技计划项目“湖南雪茄烟叶晾制技术研究与应用”(HN2022KJ02)

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Cigar Leaf Quality at Different Harvest Times Based on Principal Component Analysis

GUO Yidian1(), DING Songshuang1, ZHANG Kai1, QUAN Yihua2, WANG Zhenhua2, TAN Yonghao1,3, PEI Yubing1, SHI Xiangdong1()   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046
    2 Zhangjiajie Company, Hunan Tobacco Company, Zhangjiajie, Hunan 427000
    3 Sichuan China Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610017
  • Received:2025-01-03 Revised:2025-05-17 Published:2025-06-25 Online:2025-07-06

摘要:

为明确张家界雪茄烟中部叶适宜的采收时间,本研究以‘古巴七号’为试验材料,针对中部叶设置打顶后10 d(T1)、打顶后15 d(T2)、打顶后20 d(T3)、打顶后25 d(T4) 4个采收时间处理,对比分析发酵后烟叶的化学成分、外观质量及感官质量表现,并采用主成分分析方法对29项烟叶品质评估指标进行综合评价。结果表明,主成分分析成功提取5个主成分,累积方差贡献率达到了90.363%,涵盖常规化学、外观质量及感官品质的关键特征。通过构建综合评价函数并计算各处理得分,T4处理的雪茄烟叶综合得分最高,其烟叶化学成分协调性佳、外观品质优且香气物质积累充分。综上,张家界雪茄烟中部叶在打顶后25 d采收可显著提升烟叶品质。

关键词: 雪茄烟叶, 采收成熟度, 常规化学, 感官品质, 外观质量, 相关性分析, 主成分分析, 综合评价

Abstract:

In order to clarify the suitable harvesting time of Zhangjiajie cigar tobacco leaves, four harvesting times were set up, namely 10 days after topping (T1), 15 days after topping (T2), 20 days after topping (T3) and 25 days after topping (T4), and the chemical composition, appearance quality and sensory quality performance of fermented tobacco leaves were compared and analyzed. The principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the cigar leaves. The results showed that 5 principal components were successfully extracted from 29 tobacco quality evaluation indexes by using principal component analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate of the 5 principal components reached 90.363%. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation function was established, and the comprehensive score of each treatment was found. It was found that the comprehensive score of cigar tobacco leaves in T4 treatment was the highest. In summary, 25 days after topping is the suitable harvest time for the middle leaves of Zhangjiajie cigars, and it is conducive to improving the quality of cigar leaves.

Key words: cigar tobacco leaves, harvest maturity, conventional chemistry, organoleptic qualities, appearance quality, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, comprehensive evaluation