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中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (16): 1-8.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0308

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

低温胁迫后甘蔗新品种的光合变化及其抗寒性分析

李火建1(), 许誉芝1, 陈珺1, 张池1, 伍玉玲1, 魏乙斌1, 姜春秀1, 曾力方1, 张木清1,2,3()   

  1. 1 广西大学农学院,南宁 530004
    2 广西大学甘蔗生物学重点实验室,南宁 530004
    3 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,南宁 530004
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08 修回日期:2024-12-26 出版日期:2025-06-05 发布日期:2025-06-05
  • 通讯作者:
    张木清,男,1966年出生,福建周宁人,教授,研究方向:甘蔗遗传育种。E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    李火建,男,1998年出生,广西梧州人,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:甘蔗遗传育种。通信地址:530000 广西壮族自治区南宁市西乡塘区大学路100号 广西大学农学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部项目“国家糖料产业技术体系甘蔗抗病品种选育岗位”(CARS170109); 广西科技重点项目“甘蔗抗病亲本评价与品种选育”(Guike AA22117001)

Photosynthetic Variation and Cold Resistance in New Sugarcane Varieties Exposed to Chilling Stress

LI Huojian1(), XU Yuzhi1, CHEN Jun1, ZHANG Chi1, WU Yuling1, WEI Yibin1, JIANG Chunxiu1, ZENG Lifang1, ZHANG Muqing1,2,3()   

  1. 1 Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning 530004
    2 Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology of Guangxi University, Nanning 530004
    3 National Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agricultural Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Nanning 530004
  • Received:2024-05-08 Revised:2024-12-26 Published:2025-06-05 Online:2025-06-05

摘要:

为评价甘蔗新品种‘中蔗9号’、‘中蔗14号’、‘中果1号’、‘中蔗福农14-1854’的抗寒能力,在甘蔗经历低温后,测定甘蔗叶片生理指标,并分析不同品种间的差异。结果表明,在经过低温冷害后,4个甘蔗品种的光合生理指标具有显著差异,‘中蔗14号’具有较高的Fv/FmFv/Fo、净光合速率、光合色素含量、SPAD值、花青素含量和SOD活性;而‘中果1号’的Fv/FmFv/Fo、净光合速率、光合色素含量、SPAD值、花青素含量和SOD活性较低,其他2个品种介于其中,说明‘中蔗14号’通过提高花青素含量和SOD活性来提高抗寒能力,表现为抗寒;而‘中果1号’抗寒性较差。4个品种的抗寒能力由强到弱为‘中蔗14号’、‘中蔗9号’、‘中蔗福农14-1854’、‘中果1号’。

关键词: 甘蔗, 抗寒性, 光合作用, 荧光参数, 叶绿素, 花青素, SOD活性, 主成分分析

Abstract:

To evaluate the cold resistance of newly released ‘Zhongzhe’ (ZZ) cultivars (‘ZZ 9’, ‘ZZ 14’, ‘ZG 1’ and ‘ZZFN 14-1854’), measurements were taken on sugarcane, and the physiological indices of leaves were analyzed following exposure to low temperatures. The results indicated that significant differences existed in the photosynthetic physiological indices of the four sugarcane varieties after low-temperature chilling. ‘ZZ 14’ exhibited relatively higher values in multiple parameters, namely Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, net photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic pigment content, SPAD values (chlorophyll content), anthocyanin content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In contrast, ‘ZG 1’ manifested lower values across these indicators, implying weaker cold tolerance. The other two cultivars demonstrated intermediate performance. It is indicated that ‘ZZ 14’ improves its cold resistance by increasing anthocyanin levels and SOD activity, thereby exhibiting superior cold tolerance. Conversely, ‘ZG 1’ presents relatively inferior cold resistance. The ranking of the cold resistance of the varieties from highest to lowest was ‘ZZ 14’> ‘ZZ 9’> ‘ZZFN 14-1854’> ‘ZG 1’.

Key words: sugarcane, cold resistance, photosynthesis, fluorescence parameter, chlorophyll, anthocyanin, SOD activity, principal component analysis