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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (14): 39-46.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0563

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

移栽期和种植密度对恩施雪茄烟叶品质的影响

吴栩1(), 任永建1,2(), 李金建1, 成丹2, 余君3   

  1. 1 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院，成都 610225
    2 湖北省气象服务中心，武汉 430205
    3 湖北省烟草科学研究院，武汉 430030
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-15 修回日期:2023-10-26 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-09
  • 通讯作者:
    任永建，男，1982年出生，江苏建湖人，正研级高工，博士，主要从事应用气象方面研究。通信地址：430205 武汉市东湖新技术开发区金融港2路，Tel：027-81804968，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    吴栩，女，1997年出生，重庆人，硕士研究生，主要从事农业气象方面研究。通信地址：610225 四川省成都市西南航空港经济开发区学府路一段24号 成都信息工程大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    湖北省烟草公司科技项目“湖北省雪茄烟优化种植气象关键技术研究”(027Y2021-021); “矿质元素对雪茄烟叶燃烧和灰色的影响及调控技术研究与应用”(027Y2022-022); 湖北省气象局科技基金项目“气象条件对湖北省烟叶种植及品质影响关键技术研究”(2022Y11)

Effects of Transplanting Period and Planting Density on Quality of Enshi Cigar Leaves

WU Xu1(), REN Yongjian1,2(), LI Jinjian1, CHENG Dan2, YU Jun3   

  1. 1 School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225
    2 Hubei Meteorological Service Center, Wuhan 430205
    3 Hubei Academy of Tobacco Science, Wuhan 430030
  • Received:2023-08-15 Revised:2023-10-26 Published:2024-05-15 Online:2024-05-09

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摘要：

为探究移栽期和种植密度对雪茄烟烟叶产量和品质的影响，在恩施崔坝基地展开试验。设置3个移栽期处理（4月20日、4月30日、5月10日）和6个种植密度处理(100 cm×40 cm、100 cm×45 cm、 100 cm×50 cm、110 cm×40 cm、110 cm×45 cm、110 cm×50 cm)，比较不同移栽期的烟株生育期、农艺性状、产量及等级结构、外观质量和感官评吸质量，选择最佳移栽期进行移栽，探究不同种植密度对烟株农艺性状、产量及等级结构的影响。结果表明：随着移栽期的推迟，烟株生育期明显缩短，集中在旺长期，与气温呈明显负相关；随着移栽期的推迟，烟叶的产量和品质均下降。此外，不同种植密度对烟株的生长具有一定影响。随着种植密度的增大，烟株的株高、最大叶长和叶宽整体上先增后减，适当增加行距和减小株距有利于提高产量。综合认为，恩施崔坝基地雪茄烟茄衣品种‘楚雪26号’的最佳移栽期在4月20日—4月30日，110 cm×50 cm的种植密度使烟株的农艺性状表现最好，110 cm×40 cm的种植密度能获得更高的经济效益。

关键词: 雪茄烟, 移栽期, 种植密度, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of transplanting period and planting density on the yield and quality of cigar tobacco, experiments were carried out in Enshi Cuiba Base. 3 transplanting period treatments (April 20, April 30, May 10) and 6 planting density treatments (100 cm×40 cm、100 cm×45 cm、100 cm×50 cm、110 cm×40 cm、110 cm×45 cm、110 cm×50 cm) were set to compare the growth period, agronomic characters, yield and grade structure, appearance quality and sensory evaluation quality of tobacco plants in different transplanting periods, select the best transplanting period, and explore the influence of different planting densities on the agronomic characters, yield and grade structure of tobacco plants. The results showed that with the postponement of transplanting period, the growth period of tobacco plants was significantly shortened, concentrated in the vigorous growing period, and showed a significant negative correlation with temperature, and the yield and quality of tobacco decreased. In addition, different planting densities had certain effects on the growth of tobacco plants. With the increase of planting density, the plant height, maximum leaf length and leaf width of tobacco plant increased first and then decreased. Increasing row spacing and decreasing plant spacing were beneficial to increasing yield. It is generally believed that the best transplanting time of the cigar coating variety ‘Chuxue 26’ in Enshi Cuiba Base is from April 20 to April 30. The planting density of 110 cm×50 cm makes the agronomic characters of the tobacco plant perform best, and the planting density of 110 cm×40 cm can obtain higher economic benefits.

Key words: cigar, transplanting period, planting density, yield, quality